Figure 2.
VEGF, IL-8, GRP78, GADD153 and GAPDH mRNA expression by TSE cells following glutamine deprivation, glucose deprivation and treatment with chemical inducers of ER stress under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. (A) Confluent TSE cells were fed with complete control medium, glutamine-free medium (-Q), glucose-free medium (-Gluc), medium containing 5 μg/mL tunicamycin (Tunic), medium containing 10 μM A23187, medium containing 10 μg/mL Brefeldin A (Bref. A), or medium containing 0.1% (v/v) DMSO as a vehicle control and cultured under either normoxic (20% O2) or hypoxic (2% O2) conditions. Total RNA was isolated and Northern blotting analysis performed. (B) Confluent TSE cells were cultured in media containing the indicated concentrations of glucose while under normoxic (20% O2) or hypoxic (2% O2) conditions for 24 hours. Total RNA was isolated and Northern blotting analysis performed.