Table 3.
Associations between different estrogen-related variables and the risk of bladder cancer among Egyptian women
Estrogen-related main predictor variablea | Controls | All Cases | Only SCCb | Only UCc | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
N | AORd (95% CIe)f | N | AOR (95% CI)f | N | AOR (95% CI)f | ||
Age at first pregnancy (y) | |||||||
≤18 | 282 | 87 | ref | 45 | ref | 42 | ref |
>18 | 198 | 121 | 1.98 (1.41, 2.77) | 62 | 1.98 (1.27, 3.09) | 59 | 1.99 (1.25, 3.18) |
| |||||||
Number of pregnancies | |||||||
≤7 | 257 | 126 | ref | 67 | ref | 59 | ref |
>7 | 236 | 87 | 0.66 (0.47, 0.94) | 44 | 0.76 (0.48, 1.20) | 43 | 0.62 (0.39, 0.99) |
| |||||||
Menopause | |||||||
No | 152 | 21 | ref | 17 | ref | 4 | ref |
Yes | |||||||
At age (y) | |||||||
≥50 | 160 | 60 | 2.71 (1.39, 5.29) | 22 | 2.22 (0.91, 5.44) | 38 | 6.13 (1.86, 20.16) |
45 to 49 | 109 | 64 | 4.06 (2.20, 7.49) | 35 | 4.28 (1.98, 9.24) | 29 | 7.46 (2.35, 23.67) |
<45 | 72 | 68 | 6.26 (3.46, 11.34) | 37 | 5.63 (2.74, 11.57) | 31 | 12.78 (4.05, 40.29) |
| |||||||
Oral contraceptive | |||||||
No | 316 | 171 | ref | 89 | ref | 82 | ref |
Yes | 168 | 36 | 0.44 (0.29, 0.65) | 19 | 0.36 (0.21, 0.63) | 19 | 0.58 (0.33, 1.03) |
For each main predictor variable, we performed a logistic regression model;
squamous cell carcinoma;
urothelial [cell] carcinoma;
adjusted odds ratio;
confidence interval;
adjusted for age, residence, history of schistosomiasis, and history of urinary tract infection.