Table 10.

Individual item means and SDs for URSSA Becoming a Scientist/Professional scale^a

	Novice students		Experienced students		All students
Item. How much did you gain in the following areas as a result of your most recent research experience?b	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Ability to work independently	2.86	0.97	3.46	0.69	3.31	0.80
Developing patience with the slow pace of research	2.80	0.80	3.38	0.68	3.25	0.74
Understanding what everyday research work is like	3.25	0.82	3.69	0.52	3.60	0.62
Taking greater care in conducting lab procedures	3.25	0.56	3.65	0.60	3.57	0.61

^aNovice students: n = 29; experienced students: n = 44. Overall scale mean = 3.42; overall SD = 0.71.

^b1 = no gain; 2 = a little gain; 3 = good gain; 4 = great gain.