Table 3.
Estimated hip fracture rates and relative hazards of hip fracture (with 95% confidence intervals) for antiretroviral-treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients compared to persons uninfected with either virus, by sex and age group.
| Sex, Age Group (Years)* | HCV Status | No. Patients | Hip Fracture Rate Per 1,000 | Additional Hip Fractures Per 1,000 HCV/HIV Patients | Adjusted Hazard Ratio of Hip Fracture (95% CI)‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Females | |||||
| 18 – 39 | HCV/HIV-Coinfected | 4,310 | 8.9 | 4.9 | 2.77 (1.76 – 4.37) |
| Uninfected | 43,175 | 4.0 | Ref | ||
|
| |||||
| 40 – 49 | HCV/HIV-Coinfected | 5,026 | 28.0 | 17.3 | 2.89 (2.26 – 3.71) |
| Uninfected | 49,491 | 10.7 | Ref | ||
|
| |||||
| ≥50 | HCV/HIV-Coinfected | 1,484 | 52.1 | 30.5 | 2.27 (1.65 – 3.11) |
| Uninfected | 14,941 | 21.6 | Ref | ||
|
| |||||
| Males | |||||
| 18 – 39 | HCV/HIV-Coinfected | 8,505 | 17.4 | 9.1 | 2.28 (1.80 – 2.89) |
| Uninfected | 84,386 | 8.3 | Ref | ||
|
| |||||
| 40 – 49 | HCV/HIV-Coinfected | 12,619 | 28.3 | 14.3 | 2.27 (1.94 – 2.67) |
| Uninfected | 124,650 | 14.0 | Ref | ||
|
| |||||
| ≥50 | HCV/HIV-Coinfected | 5,006 | 47.6 | 25.3 | 2.06 (1.70 – 2.50) |
| Uninfected | 50,186 | 22.3 | Ref | ||
CI=confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
*
Due to the small number of HCV/HIV-coinfected patients above the age of 60 years, we were unable to evaluate comparisons in the 60–69 years and ≥70 years strata and have limited evaluation to the ≥50 year age range.
‡
Final models for each comparison included terms for cohort; age; sex; state; propensity score; and interactions between cohort and sex, age and sex.