Table 2.
Key characteristics of livestock keeping households (HH) across the three West African cities of Kano (Nigeria), Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) and Sikasso (Mali)
| Variables | Kano (n = 84) | Bobo Dioulasso (n = 63) | Sikasso (n = 63) | χ 2 | p≤ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal education of HH heada | 14.5 | 0.001 | |||
| No (%) | 79 | 69 | 49 | ||
| Yes (%) | 21 | 31 | 51 | ||
| Origin of HH heada | 42.2 | 0.001 | |||
| Native (%) | 92 | 43 | 74 | ||
| Immigrant (%) | 7 | 57 | 26 | ||
| Gardening a` | 42.7 | 0.001 | |||
| Yes (%) | 82 | 31 | 70 | ||
| No (%) | 18 | 69 | 30 | ||
| Field crop cultivation | 1.7 | n.s. | |||
| Yes (%) | 92 | 97 | 92 | ||
| No (%) | 8 | 3 | 8 | ||
| Experience in urban agriculturea | 40.3 | 0.001 | |||
| <5 years (%) | 4 | 11 | 31 | ||
| 6–10 years (%) | 5 | 14 | 25 | ||
| >10 years (%) | 91 | 75 | 44 | ||
| Mean ± SD | |||||
| Age of HH head (years) | 48.1 ± 12.81 | 51.6 ± 14.87 | 50.0 ± 15.71 | n.s. | |
| HH members formal education (n) | 4.5 ± 4.34 | 5.7 ± 3.13 | 6.6 ± 8.55 | n.s. | |
| Family labor (n) | 8.3b ± 7.03 | 7.6b ± 2.01 | 12.2c ± 11.14 | 0.05 | |
| Hired labor (n) | 0.5b ± 1.10 | 0 | 1.6c ± 3.18 | 0.05 |
n.s. not significant
aUpper part of table: significant differences between cities; Chi-square test
b,cLower part of table: significant differences between means with different superscripts; Kruskal–Wallis test.