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Role of IL-13 in the VEGF phenotype. (a) RT-PCR was used to evaluate the levels of IL-13 mRNA in lung RNA from wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) mice given dox for 1 month. (b–d) Ability of VEGF to induce mucus metaplasia (×20), pulmonary fibrosis and AHR, respectively, are compared in mice with wild-type (Il13+/+) and null mutant (Il13−/−) loci. The arrows in b highlight positive-staining cells. In c, *P < 0.01 versus VEGF− mice. In d, *P < 0.05 versus VEGF− controls.
