| Duration |
Time limited |
Two months in prison; three months in community weekly; three months in community monthly |
Indefinite |
| Frequency of contact |
Infrequent (quarterly contact) |
Two contacts in prison; weekly for three months, then monthly for three months |
Frequent (daily contact) |
| Staff:Client ratio |
High (1:75) |
Medium (1:15-20) |
Low (1:10) |
| Focus of services |
Narrow; exclusive |
Broad: treatment participation, client goals and needs as determined by Strengths Assessment and Goal Plan |
Broad: inclusive |
| Type of service |
Management of services provided by others. |
Manage and coordinate services provided by other agencies |
Provides all services |
| Availability |
Office hours |
Mainly office hours, some evenings and weekends |
24 hours |
| Site of case management services |
Office only |
In office, in the community, and by telephone |
In community |
| Client direction |
Professionally directed |
Largely client directed, subject to parole and treatment requirements |
Client directed |
| Advocacy |
Gatekeeper for systems (finds alternatives to requested services) |
Case manager advocates for client to obtain access to services |
Advocates for client (to gain access to services) |
| Training |
On-the-job training |
Project-provided training, with ongoing supervisory support |
Advanced professional degree |
| Authority |
No authority, persuasion only |
No authority, use of persuasion only |
Broad authority, administrative control |
| Team structure |
Primary case manager with individual caseload |
Case manager with individual case load |
Full team mode: All case managers share all clients. |
