HEK293T |
Q15 and Q128 |
Cytoplasm and nucleus |
Toxicity is more affected by the rate of aggregate occurrence than their localization |
Hackam et al.43
|
SK-N-SK |
pFlag-GFP exon 1-Q21 or Q72 and co-transfection with full-length Htt
|
NA |
Full-length Htt reduces cell death in mHtt-expressing cells, but has no effect on inclusions |
Ho et al.131
|
PC12 |
Full-length Htt
16Q, 48Q, 89Q |
NA |
mHtt expression leads to cell morphology changes
Disruption of cellular signaling is mediated by NGF and EGF |
Song et al.132
|
N2A and HEK293T
E15–E16 murine primary cortical neurons |
Q15 and Q47-Flag tag |
NA |
β-sheet structure of mHtt results in aggregate formation and cellular toxicity |
Poirier et al.50
|
ST14A |
Httex1Qn-GFP (n=25, 47 or 72Q) |
NA |
Probability of a cell remaining aggregate-free drops exponentially with time |
Colby et al.133
|
COS-7 or SH-SY5Y |
Q58 (lentivirus) |
Cytoplasm and nucleus |
Cytotoxic effects of soluble polyQ oligomers |
Takahashi et al.134
|
N2a |
pEGFP-C3-exon 1
20Q or 150Q |
Cytoplasm |
mHtt leads to inhibition of neurite outgrowth
Higher cell death in mHtt-expressing cells |
Ye et al.135
|
N2a |
Q25 and Q46 fused to Cerulean or Emerald tag |
NA |
Kinetic of aggregate formation |
Olshina et al.136
|
SH-SY5Y |
mHtt-60Q or 150Q-EGFP expressed alone or coexpressed with ATP synthase α
|
NA |
ATP synthase α suppresses the formation of insoluble Htt polyQ inclusions and reduces the toxicity induced by Htt polyQ |
Wang et al.137
|
COS-7 |
EGFP-tagged exon 1 with 25, 46, 97Q |
Cytoplasm |
Dynamic process of aggregate formation
Suggestion of a four phase process in inclusion formation |
Ossato et al.52
|
HC2S2 |
EGFP-Htt exon 1-28Q or 74Q |
Cytoplasm and nucleus |
mHtt-expressing cells show nuclear fragmentation and neuritic degeneration that are time-dependent
Absence of cell death when cells are undifferentiated |
Dong et al.138
|
Rat primary striatal neurons |
pGW1-Httex1-(Q17, Q25, Q47, Q72 or Q97) |
NA |
Investigate different antibodies to label mHtt and its various forms |
Miller et al.139
|