Table 1.

Field effectiveness of water treatment by boiling and storage for all samples

	Water source*				Drinking water storage container		Observed drinking water collection method
	All† (n = 369)	Rain water (N = 137)	Surface water (N = 130)	Well water (N = 93)	Covered (N = 181)	Uncovered (N = 188)	Pouring (N = 189)	Dipping (N = 180)‡
Arithmetic means for E. coli
Mean pre-treatment (log10 units)§	2.5 (2.4–2.6)	2.6 (2.4–2.8)	2.5 (2.3–2.7)	2.3 (2.1–2.6)	2.5 (2.3–2.6)	2.6 (2.4–2.7)	2.5 (2.3–2.7)	2.5 (2.4–2.7)
Mean boiled water (log10 units)§	0.69 (0.59–0.78)	0.76 (0.61–0.91)	0.49 (0.36–0.62)	0.84 (0.63–1.1)	0.66 (0.53–0.79)	0.71 (0.57–0.85)	0.63 (0.51–0.75)	0.72 (0.58–0.87)
LRV mean¶ (95% CI)	1.8 (1.7–2.0)	1.9 (1.6–2.1)	2.0 (1.8–2.2)	1.5 (1.2–1.8)	1.8 (1.6–2.1)	1.9 (1.7–2.0)	1.9 (1.7–2.1)	1.8 (1.6–2.0)
LRV SD (variance)	1.3 (1.7)	1.3 (1.6)	1.2 (1.5)	1.4 (1.8)	1.3 (1.7)	1.3 (1.6)	1.5 (1.5)	1.4 (1.9)
Geometric means for E. coli
Mean pre-treatment (log10 units)§	2.7 (2.7–2.8)	2.8 (2.6–2.9)	2.8 (2.6–2.9)	2.6 (1.5–2.8)	2.7 (2.6–2.8)	2.7 (2.6–2.8)	2.7 (2.6–2.8)	2.8 (2.7–2.9)
Mean boiled water (log10 units)§	0.98 (0.87–1.1)	0.97 (0.82–1.2)	0.76 (0.61–0.94)	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	0.90 (0.76–1.1)	1.1 (0.92–1.3)	0.96 (0.82–1.1)	0.98 (0.82–1.2)
LRV mean¶ (95% CI)	1.9 (1.73–2.0)	1.8 (1.5–2.2)	2.2 (2.0–2.4)	1.6 (1.2–1.9)	1.8 (1.6–2.1)	1.9 (1.8–2.1)	1.8 (1.6–2.0)	1.9 (1.7–2.2)

^*Self-reported sources of water subjected to boiling. In nine instances (2.4%), the source could not be identified by the respondent.

^†Number of matched raw/treated water samples.

^‡Possible contact with hands.

^§Concentration (arithmetic mean) per 100 mL sample (log₁₀ units).

^¶Arithmetic mean LRV = log₁₀ (pre-treatment concentration/post-treatment concentration).

Data summary of log₁₀-transformed E. coli counts per 100 mL sample.