Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| H. pylori+/NSAID- | H. pylori-/NSAID+ | H. pylori+/NSAID+ | H. pylori-/NSAID- | Total | |
| n = 30 (32.6%) | n = 18 (19.6%) | n = 24 (26.1%) | n = 20 (21.7%) | n = 92 | |
| Age, yr [mean (SD, range)] | 58.6 (18.58, 18-88) | 72.17 (10.44, 56-89) | 69.46 (13.08, 24-83) | 70.3 (12.64, 42-95) | 66.6 (15.5, 18-95) |
| Gender (male) n (%) | 10 (33) | 9 (50) | 13 (54.2) | 12 (60) | 44 (47.8) |
| Ethnicity n (%) | |||||
| Israeli (Jewish) | 11 (36.7) | 9 (50) | 12 (50) | 6 (30) | 38 (41.3) |
| Israeli (Arab) | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | 2 (8.3) | 1 (5) | 6 (6.5) |
| Western Europe/United States | 7 (23.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.2) | 2 (10) | 10 (10.9) |
| Eastern Europe/FSU | 2 (6.7) | 6 (33.3) | 6 (25) | 6 (30) | 20 (21.7) |
| Middle east/Africa | 7 (23.3) | 2 (11.1) | 3 (12.5) | 4 (20) | 16 (17.4) |
| South America | 0 (0) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 2 (2.2) |
| Inpatient n (%) | 11 (36.7) | 12 (60) | 10 (41.7) | 16 (80) | 49 (53.3) |
| Comorbid disease n (%) | |||||
| ASCVD | 3 (10) | 12 (66.7) | 11 (45.8) | 6 (30) | 32 (34.8) |
| COPD | 2 (6.7) | 4 (22.2) | 2 (8.3) | 7 (35) | 15 (16.3) |
| Diabetes | 4 (13.3) | 4 (22.2) | 12 (50) | 6 (30) | 26 (28.3) |
| Current malignancy | 1 (3.3) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (8.3) | 2 (10) | 7 (7.6) |
| Alcohol abuse | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (15) | 3 (3.3) |
| Other significant systemic disease | 1 (3.3)3 | 1 (5.6)4 | 1 (4.2)4 | 5 (25)5 | 8 (8.7) |
| Total1 | 7 (23.3) | 15 (83.3) | 19 (79.2) | 14 (70) | 55 (59.8) |
| Primary indication for endoscopy n (%) | |||||
| Iron deficiency anemia | 9 (30) | 5 (27.8) | 6 (25) | 1 (5) | 21 (22.8) |
| Epigastric pain/GERD | 8 (26.7) | 6 (33.3) | 4 (16.5) | 4 (20) | 22 (23.9) |
| Upper GI bleeding | 7 (23.3) | 6 (33.3) | 6 (25) | 9 (45) | 28 (30.4) |
| Fecal occult blood | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.2) | 1 (5) | 4 (4.3) |
| Weight loss | 2 (6.7) | 1 (5.6) | 5 (20.8) | 0 (0) | 8 (8.7) |
| Screening for gastric cancer | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.2) |
| Esophageal varices | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) | 2 (2.2) |
| Vomiting | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 1 (1.1) |
| Other2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (8.3) | 2 (10) | 4 (4.3) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL [mean (SD, range)] | 11.0 (3.22, 3.4-16.7) | 10.6 (2.77, 5.5-15.5) | 11.0 (2.84, 5.7-14.7) | 11.1 (2.70, 6.2-15.3) | 10.9 (2.98, 3.4-16.7) |
| Died within 12 mo of endoscopy | 3 (10) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (8.3) | 5 (25) | 12 (13.0) |
1
Number of patients with comorbidities as listed;
2
Fever unknown origin, gastric outlet obstruction, and surveillance following resection of gastric and esophageal carcinoma (1 case for each indication);
3
Inflammatory bowel disease;
4
Hemodialysis;
5
Inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, cirrhosis (2 cases), tetraplegia following trauma. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GERD: Gastro esophageal reflux disease; GI: Gastrointestinal. +: Positive; -: Negative.