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. 2002 Jan;9(1):9–15.

Table 1:

The mean and standard deviation for vergence and accommodation system in Malay primary school children.

Vergence and Accommodation Mean Standard deviation
Monocular accommodation facility (in cpm) 20.08 6.43
Binocular accommodation facility (in cpm) 19.77 6.26
Accommodation accuracy (in D) 0.44 0.27
Positive relative accommodation (in D) −3.90 1.32
Negative relative accommodation (in D) 3.25 0.80
Heterophoria at distance (in PD) −0.28 0.82
Heterophoria at near (in PD) −1.84 3.94
Vergence facility (in cpm) 20.18 5.00
Positive fusional reserve at near (break point) (in PD) 19.40 9.38
Positive fusional reserve at near (recovery point) (in PD) 14.60 8.86

Notes: cpm indicates cycles per minute D indicates dioptre PD indicates prism dioptre