FIGURE 2.

Far11 is essential for caspase-10 toxicity in yeast. A, clonogenic assay of the yeast strains expressing human CASP10. Data are presented as percentages of surviving colonies as referred to noninducing conditions at time 0 h. Negative controls of the yeast strains transformed with the pESC-URA empty vector are included. B, growth curves of the caspase-expressing strains performed in SG-Ura-Leu containing 2% galactose plus 1% raffinose as carbon sources. C, FUN1 staining of far11Δ cells expressing either caspase-10 alone or the CASP10 and FAR11 genes. The cells were grown in either noninducing conditions (glucose) or inducing conditions (galactose). Metabolically active cells show red fluorescent intravacuolar structures. D, CASP10-expressing far11Δ cells (lower panels, coexpressing an episomic copy of FAR11) were stained with DCF-DA to assess ROS production and yeast cells were visualized under fluorescence microscopy.