MMP9 and MMP13 expression rescues the cells from SPDEF-mediated inhibition of cell invasion.
A, RT-PCR was performed in parallel to confirm levels of MMP9, MMP13, and SPDEF mRNA expression in these cells upon transfection with a MMP9 or a MMP13 plasmid. B, cell invasion was analyzed via Matrigel-coated Boyden chambers. Note that forced expression of MMP9 or MMP13 in SPDEF OE-Luc cells abrogates the inhibitory effect of SPDEF on cell invasion. VC-Luc, VC-PC3-Luc; SPDEF OE-Luc, SPDEF-PC3-Luc. *, statistical significance (p < 0.05) compared with VC-Luc cells; **, statistical significance (p < 0.05) compared with SPDEF OE-Luc cells.