Partial refolding of CTA1 by lipid raft LUVs. CD was used to monitor the structure of CTA1. Measurements of untreated CTA1 were taken at 18 °C (solid lines). The toxin was subsequently heated to 37 °C and then left untreated (A and B), exposed to plasma membrane LUVs (C and D), or exposed to lipid raft LUVs (E and F). Additional near-UV CD (A, C, and E) and far-UV CD (B, D, and F) measurements were taken 5 (dotted lines) and 30 (dashed lines) min after a continued 37 °C incubation in the absence or presence of LUVs. One of three representative experiments is shown.