Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses of prognosis
| Univariate analysis | HR | 95% CI | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age: Over 70 vs. Below 70 |
0.52 |
0.25–1.13 |
0.1 |
| Sex: Male vs. Female |
1.00 |
0.48–2.08 |
0.99 |
| Stage: IV + Recurrence vs. III |
2.21 |
1.03–4.71 |
0.04 |
| ECOG PS: 2 + 1 vs. 0 |
2.72 |
1.29–5.70 |
0.008 |
| Pancreatic tumor location: Head vs. Others |
0.94 |
0.46–1.90 |
0.86 |
| CA19-9 (cut-off: 10,000 U/mL): CA19-9high vs. CA19-9low |
1.77 |
0.75–4.15 |
0.19 |
| CRP level (cut-off: 1.0 mg/dL): CRPhigh vs. CRPlow |
2.49 |
1.14–5.42 |
0.02 |
| Histology: Poorly differentiated vs. Others |
1.09 |
0.52–2.27 |
0.82 |
| Second line therapy: Yes vs. No |
0.61 |
0.30–1.24 |
0.17 |
| CEC level (cut-off: 166 cells/4 mL): CEChigh vs. CEClow |
5.18 |
2.23–12.03 |
<0.001 |
| IL-6 (cut-off: 19.3 pg/mL): IL-6high vs. IL-6low |
2.52 |
0.73–8.64 |
0.14 |
| IL-8 (cut-off: 11.3 pg/mL): IL-8high vs. IL-8low |
1.74 |
0.82–3.67 |
0.15 |
| IL-10 (cut-off: 7.82 pg/mL): IL-10high vs. IL-10low |
5.05 |
1.55–16.39 |
0.007 |
| VEGF (cut-off: 44.1 pg/mL): VEGFhigh vs. VEGFlow |
1.22 |
0.60–2.47 |
0.59 |
| PDGF-BB (cut-off: 1127.5 pg/mL): PDGF-BBhigh vs. PDGF-BBlow |
0.93 |
0.43–2.04 |
0.86 |
| HGF (cut-off: 471.3 pg/mL): HGFhigh vs. HGFlow |
2.52 |
1.22–5.21 |
0.01 |
| SDF-1 alpha (cut-off: 110.6 pg/mL): SDF-1 alphahigh vs. SDF-1 alphalow |
1.23 |
0.60–2.53 |
0.56 |
|
Multivariate analysis |
HR |
95% CI |
P |
| Stage: IV + Recurrence vs. III |
2.04 |
0.78–5.35 |
0.15 |
| ECOG PS: 2 + 1 vs. 0 |
2.58 |
0.98–6.76 |
>0.05 |
| CRP level (cut-off: 1.0 mg/dL): CRPhigh vs. CRPlow |
2.04 |
0.62–6.76 |
0.24 |
| CEC level (cut-off: 166 cells/4 mL): CEChigh vs. CEClow |
5.14 |
1.83–14.45 |
0.002 |
| IL-10 (cut-off: 7.82 pg/mL): IL-10high vs. IL-10low |
5.26 |
1.26–22.22 |
0.02 |
| HGF (cut-off: 471.3 pg/mL): HGFhigh vs. HGFlow | 1.34 | 0.46–3.91 | 0.59 |
Abbreviations: HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; ECOG PS = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; CEC = circulating endothelial cells; IL = interleukin; PDGF-BB = platelet-derived growth factor-B chain; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; HGF = hepatocyte growth factor; CA19-9 = carbohydrate antigen 19–9; CRP = C-reactive protein; CEA = carcinoembryonic antigen.