Table 2.
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for GI cancer for quartiles of lipid components, adjusted for age, gender, SES, fasting status, glucose (continuous), total cholesterol (continuous), and triglycerides (continuous).
| Oesophageal cancer | Stomach cancer | Colon cancer | Rectal cancer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | |
| Glucose (mmol/L)a | ||||||||
| <4.40 | 40 | 1.00 (Ref) | 99 | 1.00 (Ref) | 310 | 1.00 (Ref) | 242 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 4.40–4.80 | 65 | 1.01 (0.68–1.50) | 185 | 1.12 (0.88–1.44) | 572 | 1.14 (1.00–1.32) | 338 | 0.85 (0.72–1.00) |
| 4.80–5.20 | 65 | 0.88 (0.59–1.32) | 201 | 1.06 (0.83–1.35) | 622 | 1.12 (0.98–1.29) | 346 | 0.77 (0.65–0.91) |
| ≥5.20 | 148 | 1.27 (0.89–1.87) | 291 | 0.96 (0.74–1.23) | 968 | 1.21 (1.05–1.40) | 584 | 0.88 (0.74–1.05) |
| P value for trend | 0.16 | 0.41 | 0.03 | 0.23 | ||||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)a | ||||||||
| <4.70 | 41 | 1.00 (Ref) | 89 | 1.00 (Ref) | 266 | 1.00 (Ref) | 150 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 4.70–5.50 | 72 | 0.93 (0.63–1.37) | 172 | 1.01 (0.78–1.31) | 499 | 0.96 (0.83–1.11) | 316 | 1.11 (0.91–1.35) |
| 5.50–6.30 | 99 | 0.99 (0.69–1.44) | 212 | 0.96 (0.74–1.23) | 718 | 1.04 (0.90–1.21) | 405 | 1.10 (0.91–1.33) |
| ≥6.30 | 106 | 0.79 (0.54–1.15) | 303 | 1.03 (0.80–1.32) | 989 | 1.03 (0.90–1.19) | 639 | 1.32 (1.09–1.59) |
| P value for trend | 0.28 | 0.54 | 0.19 | 0.0003 | ||||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)b | ||||||||
| <0.70 | 22 | 1.00 (Ref) | 74 | 1.00 (Ref) | 248 | 1.00 (Ref) | 168 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 0.70–1.03 | 79 | 1.47 (0.91–2.36) | 225 | 1.17 (0.90–1.52) | 682 | 1.09 (0.94–1.26) | 424 | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) |
| 1.03–1.60 | 83 | 1.64 (1.02–2.65) | 223 | 1.19 (0.91–1.56) | 710 | 1.21 (1.05–1.41) | 410 | 0.97 (0.80–1.16) |
| ≥1.60 | 134 | 2.29 (1.42–3.68) | 254 | 1.17 (0.90–1.55) | 832 | 1.30 (1.12–1.52) | 508 | 1.03 (0.86–1.25) |
| P value for trend | 0.0001 | 0.44 | <0.0001 | 0.49 | ||||
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)c | ||||||||
| <2.82 | 18 | 1.00 (Ref) | 19 | 1.00 (Ref) | 59 | 1.00 (Ref) | 28 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 2.82–3.51 | 18 | 0.61 (0.29–1.26) | 25 | 0.84 (0.44–1.60) | 101 | 1.05 (0.75–1.48) | 57 | 1.21 (0.75–1.96) |
| 3.51–4.25 | 9 | 0.22 (0.08–0.62) | 33 | 0.87 (0.42–1.77) | 119 | 0.92 (0.62–1.34) | 65 | 1.01 (0.60–1.72) |
| ≥4.25 | 12 | 0.22 (0.06–0.86) | 38 | 0.80 (0.30–2.08) | 136 | 0.78 (0.47–1.30) | 78 | 0.88 (0.45–1.75) |
| P value for trend | 0.007 | 0.73 | 0.26 | 0.36 | ||||
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)c | ||||||||
| <1.25 | 15 | 1.00 (Ref) | 33 | 1.00 (Ref) | 103 | 1.00 (Ref) | 55 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 1.25–1.52 | 16 | 2.14 (0.97–4.71) | 29 | 0.88 (0.51–1.50) | 107 | 1.24 (0.93–1.67) | 50 | 1.04 (0.69–1.58) |
| 1.52–1.80 | 16 | 2.64 (1.16–6.03) | 27 | 0.76 (0.43–1.37) | 89 | 1.04 (0.75–1.43) | 50 | 1.04 (0.67–1.61) |
| ≥1.80 | 10 | 2.04 (0.79–5.27) | 26 | 0.62 (0.33–1.17) | 116 | 1.25 (0.89–1.74) | 73 | 1.40 (0.89–2.17) |
| P value for trend | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.41 | 0.13 | ||||
| Apolipoprotein B (mmol/L)c | ||||||||
| <0.97 | 11 | 1.00 (Ref) | 13 | 1.00 (Ref) | 37 | 1.00 (Ref) | 28 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 0.97–1.18 | 20 | 0.97 (0.45–2.10) | 20 | 0.88 (0.43–1.82) | 102 | 1.39 (0.94–2.05) | 48 | 0.76 (0.47–1.23) |
| 1.18–1.42 | 11 | 0.39 (0.15–1.03) | 42 | 1.51 (0.73–3.12) | 131 | 1.28 (0.85–1.93) | 83 | 0.84 (0.52–1.37) |
| ≥1.42 | 15 | 0.45 (0.14–1.44) | 40 | 1.45 (0.59–3.59) | 145 | 1.18 (0.72–1.92) | 69 | 0.48 (0.26–0.89) |
| P value for trend | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.77 | 0.05 | ||||
| Apolipoprotein A-I (mmol/L)c | ||||||||
| <1.27 | 14 | 1.00 (Ref) | 31 | 1.00 (Ref) | 91 | 1.00 (Ref) | 57 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 1.27–1.40 | 11 | 1.10 (0.49–2.43) | 32 | 1.07 (0.65–1.77) | 88 | 1.05 (0.78–1.41) | 40 | 0.74 (0.49–1.12) |
| 1.40–1.56 | 18 | 1.88 (0.91–3.86) | 22 | 0.63 (0.36–1.10) | 114 | 1.19 (0.89–1.58) | 54 | 0.87 (0.60–1.28) |
| ≥1.56 | 14 | 1.70 (0.78–3.70) | 30 | 0.75 (0.43–1.31) | 122 | 1.20 (0.89–1.61) | 77 | 1.15 (0.79–1.67) |
| P value for trend | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.31 | ||||
| LDL/HDLc | ||||||||
| <1.74 | 18 | 1.00 (Ref) | 18 | 1.00 (Ref) | 80 | 1.00 (Ref) | 39 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 1.74–2.32 | 13 | 0.58 (0.28–1.21) | 23 | 1.12 (0.60–2.10) | 98 | 0.99 (0.73–1.34) | 53 | 1.11 (0.72–1.68) |
| 2.32–3.16 | 13 | 0.43 (0.20–0.93) | 44 | 1.79 (0.99–3.23) | 117 | 0.92 (0.68–1.25) | 68 | 1.12 (0.73–1.71) |
| ≥3.16 | 13 | 0.28 (0.12–0.66) | 30 | 1.16 (0.57–2.35) | 120 | 0.79 (0.56–1.13) | 68 | 1.00 (0.62–1.63) |
| P value for trend | 0.003 | 0.37 | 0.17 | 0.99 | ||||
| Total cholesterol/HDLc | ||||||||
| <2.95 | 12 | 1.00 (Ref) | 18 | 1.00 (Ref) | 74 | 1.00 (Ref) | 35 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 2.95–3.66 | 16 | 1.02 (0.47–2.17) | 26 | 1.14 (0.62–2.11) | 104 | 1.04 (0.77–1.40) | 61 | 1.28 (0.84–1.95) |
| 3.66–4.68 | 14 | 0.71 (0.31–1.59) | 36 | 1.43 (0.78–2.64) | 112 | 0.93 (0.68–1.27) | 64 | 1.13 (0.72–1.75) |
| ≥4.68 | 15 | 0.42 (0.17–1.05) | 35 | 1.33 (0.65–2.73) | 125 | 0.84 (0.58–1.20) | 68 | 1.03 (0.62–1.72) |
| P value for trend | 0.04 | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.90 | ||||
| Triglycerides/HDLc | ||||||||
| <0.44 | 5 | 1.00 (Ref) | 21 | 1.00 (Ref) | 83 | 1.00 (Ref) | 48 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 0.44–0.70 | 11 | 1.71 (0.59–4.94) | 26 | 1.14 (0.63–2.06) | 89 | 0.91 (0.68–1.24) | 57 | 0.99 (0.67–1.47) |
| 0.70–1.23 | 21 | 2.48 (0.91–6.75) | 30 | 1.25 (0.67–2.32) | 113 | 0.98 (0.72–1.33) | 58 | 0.84 (0.55–1.27) |
| ≥1.23 | 20 | 1.37 (0.43–4.42) | 38 | 1.88 (0.83–4.27) | 130 | 1.00 (0.67–1.49) | 65 | 0.81 (0.46–1.42) |
| P value for trend | 0.52 | 0.18 | 0.97 | 0.36 | ||||
| ApoB/ApoA-Ic | ||||||||
| <0.67 | 15 | 1.00 (Ref) | 14 | 1.00 (Ref) | 70 | 1.00 (Ref) | 37 | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 0.67–0.84 | 16 | 0.68 (0.33–1.39) | 22 | 1.16 (0.59–2.29) | 88 | 0.85 (0.62–1.17) | 52 | 0.93 (0.60–1.42) |
| 0.84–1.05 | 13 | 0.39 (0.18–0.86) | 46 | 2.00 (1.06–3.78) | 120 | 0.89 (0.65–1.21) | 76 | 1.00 (0.66–1.52) |
| ≥0.85 | 13 | 0.31 (0.13–0.74) | 33 | 1.37 (0.66–2.84) | 137 | 0.86 (0.61–1.21) | 63 | 0.67 (0.41–1.10) |
| P value for trend | 0.005 | 0.19 | 0.61 | 0.16 | ||||
aNot adjusted for TC.
bNot adjusted for TG.
cMeasured in Subcohort B.