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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Sep 9.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2011 May 25;83(12):4327–4341. doi: 10.1021/ac2010857

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Biological nanopore scheme employed by Oxford Nanopore. (A) Schematic of αHL protein nanopore mutant depicting the positions of the cyclodextrin (at residue 135) and glutamines (at residue 139). (B) A detailed view of the β barrel of the mutant nanopore shows the locations of the arginines (at residue 113) and the cysteines. (C) Exonuclease sequencing: A processive enzyme is attached to the top of the nanopore to cleave single nucleotides from the target DNA strand and pass them through the nanopore. (D) A residual current-vs-time signal trace from an αHL protein nanopore that shows a clear discrimination between single bases (dGMP, dTMP, dAMP, and dCMP). (E) Strand sequencing: ssDNA is threaded through a protein nanopore and individual bases are identified, as the strand remains intact. Panels A, B, and D reprinted with permission from ref 91. Copyright 2009 Nature Publishing Group. Panels C and E reprinted with permission from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (Zoe McDougall).