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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 3.

Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2012 May 24;126(1):76–82. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.089268

Table 2.

Outcome of Children

HCQ Exposure (N=40)
Noncardiac	N=37 (92.5%)
Normal	35
Cutaneous-NL	1
1^st Degree Heart Block (resolved after a few months; child also had cutaneous NL)	1
Cardiac-NL	N=3 (7.5%)
EFE * (near complete resolution at 2 years)	1
2^nd Degree Heart Block * (reversed with dexamethasone in utero)	1
3^rd Degree Heart Block	1

Non HCQ Exposure (N=217)
Noncardiac	N=171(78.8%)
Normal	149
Isolated Hepatic/Hematologic NL	2
Cutaneous NL	17
1st Degree Heart Block	3
Cardiac-NL	N=46 (21.2%)	Deaths
Advanced Block (2^nd/3^rd)	32	4
2^nd Degree Block ^*(never 3^rd) (1 reversed with dexamethasone)	3	0
Advanced Block with Cardiomyopathy/EFE	6	5
Isolated Cardiomyopathy/EFE (3 had mild EFE requiring no cardiac meds at birth^*)	5	1

NL=Neonatal Lupus

EFE= Endocardial Fibroelastosis

^*

Considered less severe cases of cardiac –NL