Table 2. Characteristics of MOVE! Participants and Eligible Nonparticipants, VA Northwest Region.
| Characteristic | Nonparticipants (n = 73,407)a | Participants (n = 3,192)a | Multivariable-Adjustedb Associations of Participation, OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | |||
| <40 | 9,595 (13.1) | 327 (10.2) | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) |
| 40–54 | 24,239 (33.0) | 1,049 (32.9) | 0.7 (0.7–0.8) |
| 55–64 | 30,117 (41.0) | 1,399 (43.8) | 1 [Reference] |
| 65–69 | 9,456 (12.9) | 417 (13.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) |
| Mean (SD) | 53.6 (10.7) | 54.7 (9.7) | NA |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 5,134 (7.0) | 461 (14.4) | 1.9 (1.7–2.2) |
| Male | 68,273 (93.0) | 2,731 (85.6) | 1 [Reference] |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 43,076 (58.7) | 1,826 (57.2) | 1 [Reference] |
| African American | 4,283 (5.8) | 219 (6.8) | 1.2 (1.1–1.5) |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 1,034 (1.4) | 40 (1.3) | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 739 (1.0) | 24 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.5–1.8) |
| Other/missing | 24,275 (33.1) | 1,083 (33.9) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) |
| Facility | |||
| A | 9,827 (13.4) | 872 (27.3) | 2.8 (2.5–3.2) |
| B | 8,258 (11.3) | 587 (18.4) | 2.3 (2.1–2.7) |
| C | 10,050 (13.7) | 727 (22.3) | 2.1 (1.8–2.4) |
| D | 23,801 (32.4) | 777 (24.3) | 1 [Reference] |
| E | 6,875 (9.4) | 170 (5.3) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) |
| F | 4,334 (5.9) | 23 (0.7) | 0.4 (0.3–0.6) |
| G | 10,262 (14.0) | 36 (1.1) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) |
| % Service-connectedc | |||
| Not service-connected | 30,886 (42.1) | 1,178 (36.9) | 1 [Reference] |
| 0–20 | 11,505 (15.7) | 510 (16.0) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) |
| 30–60 | 15,515 (21.1) | 675 (21.2) | 1.1 (0.99–1.2) |
| 70–100 | 15,501 (21.1) | 829 (26.0) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) |
| Marital status | |||
| Never married | 6,764 (9.2) | 311 (9.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| Married | 42,179 (57.5) | 1,803 (56.5) | 0.9 (0.8–0.99) |
| Separated/divorced | 22,110 (30.1) | 987 (30.9) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) |
| Widowed | 2,057 (2.8) | 86 (2.7) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) |
| Unknown | 297 (0.4) | 5 (0.2) | NRd |
| Served in support of wars in Iraq and/or Afghanistan | |||
| No | 70,340 (95.8) | 3,103 (97.2) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 3,067 (4.2) | 89 (2.8) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) |
| Cigarette smoking status | |||
| Nonsmoker (never or former) | 28,916 (39.4) | 1,409 (44.1) | 1 [Reference] |
| Current smoker | 18,401 (25.1) | 545 (17.1) | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) |
| Unknown | 26,090 (35.5) | 1,238 (38.8) | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | |||
| 25.0–29.9 | 26,931 (36.7) | 333 (10.4) | 1 [Reference] |
| 30.0–34.9 | 28,283 (38.5) | 1,112 (34.8) | 3.4 (3.0–3.9) |
| 35.0–39.9 | 11,808 (16.1) | 899 (28.2) | 6.3 (5.5–7.2) |
| ≥40.0 | 6,385 (8.7) | 848 (26.6) | 11.0 (9.6–12.7) |
| Mean (SD) | 32.4 (5.3) | 36.9 (6.6) | NA |
| Facility type | |||
| Medical center | 39,205 (53.4) | 2,317 (72.6) | 1 [Reference] |
| Community-based outpatient clinic (CBOC) | 33,939 (46.2) | 875 (27.4) | 0.8 (0.7–0.8) |
| Unknown | 263 (0.4) | 0 | NRd |
| Distance to medical center or CBOC, miles | |||
| <30 | 37,000 (50.4) | 2,100 (65.8) | 1 [Reference] |
| ≥30 | 36,300 (49.5) | 1,089 (34.1) | 0.6 (0.6–0.7) |
| Unknown | 107 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | NRd |
| Health care and chronic illnesses | |||
| No. of primary care visitse | |||
| 1 or 2 | 24,669 (33.6) | 144 (4.5) | 1 [Reference] |
| 3 or 4 | 15,675 (21.4) | 432 (13.5) | 3.4 (2.8–4.2) |
| 5–8 | 18,609 (25.4) | 1,096 (34.3) | 6.1 (5.1–7.4) |
| ≥9 | 14,454 (19.7) | 1,520 (47.6) | 8.7 (7.2–10.5) |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 47,520 (64.7) | 1,682 (52.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 25,887 (35.3) | 1,510 (47.3) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) |
| Coronary artery disease | |||
| No | 61,933 (84.4) | 2,567 (80.4) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 11,474 (15.6) | 625 (19.6) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) |
| Hypertension | |||
| No | 19,735 (26.9) | 666 (20.9) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 53,672 (73.1) | 2,526 (79.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) |
| Osteoarthritis | |||
| No | 45,842 (62.5) | 1,703 (53.4) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 27,565 (37.6) | 1,489 (46.7) | 1.1 (0.99–1.2) |
| Dyslipidemia | |||
| No | 24,902 (33.9) | 827 (25.9) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 48,505 (66.1) | 2,365 (74.1) | 1.0 (0.95–1.1) |
| Sleep apnea | |||
| No | 61,487 (83.8) | 2,181 (68.3) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 11,920 (16.2) | 1,011 (31.7) | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) |
| No. of comorbiditiesf | |||
| 0 | 4,894 (6.7) | 144 (4.5) | 1 [Reference] |
| 1 | 13,686 (18.6) | 355 (11.1) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) |
| 2 or 3 | 39,142 (53.3) | 1,521 (47.7) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) |
| ≥4 | 15,685 (21.4) | 1,172 (36.7) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) |
| Bipolar disorder | |||
| No | 69,934 (95.3) | 2,926 (91.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 3,473 (4.7) | 266 (8.3) | 1.2 (1.1–1.5) |
| Depression | |||
| No | 45,780 (62.4) | 1,637 (51.3) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 27,627 (37.6) | 1,555 (48.7) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) |
| Schizophrenia | |||
| No | 71,527 (97.4) | 3,065 (96.0) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 1,880 (2.6) | 127 (4.0) | 1.2 (0.96–1.5) |
| Any mental health conditiong | |||
| No | 41,892 (57.1) | 1,472 (46.1) | 1 [Reference] |
| Yes | 31,515 (42.9) | 1,720 (53.9) | 1.5 (1.4–1.6) |
Abbreviations: VA, Department of Veterans Affairs; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported.
a Values are numbers (percentage) unless otherwise indicated; percentages may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
b Adjusted for all other variables in the table. Standard errors used to calculate 95% CIs are based on a sandwich estimator that takes into account the clustering of individuals within facilities.
c “Service connected” means that the disability was a result of disease or injury incurred or aggravated during active military service. Ratings are graduated according to the degree of the veteran’s disability on a scale of 0% to 100%, in increments of 10%. Zero percent is different than having no rating; it means that a disability exists and is related to the veteran’s service, but it is not so disabling that it entitles the veteran to compensation payments.
d Estimates are not reported for categories with <10 participants.
e Primary care visits from MOVE! implementation to end of follow-up.
f Sum of comorbidities that indicate MOVE! eligibility, specifically, diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, osteoarthritis, dyslipidemia, and sleep apnea.
g Entered into separate logistic regression model in place of individual mental health conditions (bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia).