Table 1.
Numbers of participants and number of first major vascular events (MVEs) in each study contributing to vascular disease risk categories
| Median predicted 5-year MVE risk |
Estimated 5-year MVE risk |
Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <5% | ≥5% to <10% | ≥10% to <20%* | ≥20% to <30% | ≥30% | |||
| Statin vs control | |||||||
| MEGA† | 2·7% | 7247 (147) | 925 (91) | 42 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8214 (242) |
| JUPITER | 4·4% | 11 212 (118) | 6117 (162) | 472 (19) | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 17 802 (299) |
| AFCAPS/TexCAPS | 5·2% | 2944 (72) | 3329 (225) | 331 (47) | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 6605 (344) |
| ASCOT-LLA | 8·1% | 1505 (25) | 5383 (229) | 3168 (245) | 234 (22) | 15 (3) | 10 305 (524) |
| WOSCOPS | 9·2% | 34 (0) | 3848 (219) | 2576 (293) | 134 (36) | 3 (2) | 6595 (550) |
| GISSI-HF | 9·6% | 875 (34) | 1523 (78) | 1789 (171) | 357 (52) | 30 (11) | 4574 (346) |
| ALERT | 10·2% | 286 (8) | 740 (54) | 705 (105) | 237 (59) | 134 (49) | 2102 (275) |
| CARDS | 10·9% | 156 (0) | 1043 (43) | 1524 (144) | 109 (16) | 6 (1) | 2838 (204) |
| ASPEN | 13·6% | 108 (0) | 648 (13) | 980 (99) | 517 (90) | 157 (48) | 2410 (250) |
| ALLHAT-LLT | 14·0% | 92 (2) | 2331 (144) | 5468 (803) | 1871 (438) | 593 (183) | 10 355 (1570) |
| Post-CABG | 17·0% | 0 (0) | 24 (2) | 1022 (128) | 279 (44) | 26 (5) | 1351 (179) |
| GISSI-P | 18·3% | 0 (0) | 14 (1) | 2816 (272) | 1268 (140) | 173 (26) | 4271 (439) |
| HPS | 18·6% | 320 (14) | 2041 (134) | 9424 (1267) | 6722 (1488) | 2029 (651) | 20 536 (3554) |
| LIPID | 22·1% | 0 (0) | 27 (3) | 2946 (484) | 5144 (1278) | 897 (324) | 9014 (2089) |
| PROSPER | 22·4% | 0 (0) | 108 (13) | 2208 (224) | 1858 (293) | 1630 (396) | 5804 (926) |
| CORONA | 23·2% | 11 (1) | 194 (16) | 1463 (144) | 2151 (292) | 1192 (177) | 5011 (630) |
| CARE | 26·1% | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 362 (58) | 2776 (615) | 1021 (313) | 4159 (986) |
| ALLIANCE | 26·3% | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 288 (46) | 1419 (298) | 735 (203) | 2442 (547) |
| LIPS | 29·5% | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 118 (28) | 770 (158) | 789 (173) | 1677 (359) |
| AURORA | 31·7% | 0 (0) | 61 (8) | 546 (85) | 676 (136) | 1490 (501) | 2773 (730) |
| SSSS | 33·1% | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 139 (13) | 1159 (275) | 3146 (1063) | 4444 (1351) |
| 4D | 38·2% | 0 (0) | 6 (1) | 117 (20) | 273 (52) | 859 (233) | 1255 (306) |
| Subtotal, 22 trials | 13·7% | 24 790 (421) | 28 362 (1436) | 38 504 (4699) | 27 956 (5782) | 14 925 (4362) | 134 537 (16 700) |
| More vs less statin | |||||||
| SEARCH | 16·2% | .. | .. | 9665 (1969) | 2157 (680) | 242 (104) | 12 064 (2753) |
| A to Z | 17·3% | .. | .. | 3097 (307) | 1191 (180) | 209 (52) | 4497 (539) |
| TNT | 21·8% | .. | .. | 3507 (520) | 5078 (1075) | 1416 (458) | 10 001 (2053) |
| IDEAL | 24·1% | .. | .. | 1754 (326) | 5257 (1125) | 1877 (593) | 8888 (2044) |
| PROVE-IT | 33·8% | .. | .. | 27 (3) | 1125 (185) | 3010 (676) | 4162 (864) |
| Subtotal, five trials | 20·8% | .. | .. | 18 050 (3125) | 14 808 (3245) | 6754 (1883) | 39 612 (8253) |
Data are median risk or number of participants (number of first major vascular events). Studies are shown in order of increasing median predicted 5-year MVE risk. The predicted risk for the trials of more versus less statin is that under the less intensive statin regimen. We imputed missing data for age, sex, treatment for hypertension, lipids, and blood pressure at baseline for the purpose of predicting 5-year MVE risk and for risk stratification. MEGA=Management of Elevated Cholesterol in the Primary Prevention Group of Adult Japanese. JUPITER=Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin. AFCAPS/TexCAPS=Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. ASCOT-LLA=Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm. WOSCOPS=West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study. GISSI-HF=Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Insufficienza cardiaca. ALERT=Assessment of Lescol in Renal Transplantation. CARDS=Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study. ASPEN=Atorvastatin Study for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Endpoints in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. ALLHAT-LLT=Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial. Post-CABG=Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. GISSI-P=Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico. HPS=Heart Protection Study. LIPID=Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease. PROSPER=PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk. CORONA=Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure. CARE=Cholesterol And Recurrent Events. ALLIANCE=Aggressive Lipid-Lowering Initiation Abates New Cardiac Events. LIPS=Lescol Intervention Prevention Study. AURORA=A Study to Evaluate the Use of Rosuvastatin in Subjects on Regular Hemodialysis: an Assessment of Survival and Cardiovascular Events. SSSS=Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study. 4D=Die Deutsche Diabetes Dialyse Studie. SEARCH=Study of the Effectiveness of Additional Reductions in Cholesterol and Homocysteine. A to Z=Aggrastat to Zocor. TNT=Treating to New Targets. IDEAL=Incremental Decrease in End Points Through Aggressive Lipid Lowering Study Group. PROVE-IT=Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy.
For trials of more versus less statin, this category includes 141 participants (48 [4 MVEs] from A to Z and 93 [11 MVEs] from SEARCH) with an estimated 5-year risk of MVE between 5% and 10%.
Includes 382 patients who were excluded from the original publication.