Table I.
Cox univariate regression analysis of 302 pancreatic cancer patients.
| Parameter | No. | Median survival (months; 95% CI) | P-value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 189 | 6.0 (5.0–7.4) | ||
| Female | 113 | 5.1 (3.7–8.0) | 0.342 | 1.13 (0.88–1.47) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤60 | 119 | 7.1 (5.3–10.4) | ||
| >60 | 183 | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 0.331 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) |
| Site of primary cancer | ||||
| Head and neck | 189 | 7.6 (6.0–10.6) | ||
| Body and tail | 110 | 4.0 (3.3–5.0) | ||
| Whole pancreas | 3 | 1.7 (1.1–3.0) | 0.010 | 1.37 (1.08–1.75) |
| Stage | ||||
| I | 8 | 20.0 (12–34.3) | ||
| II | 34 | 10.6 (6.0–20.0) | ||
| III | 94 | 10.4 (7.0–14.0) | ||
| IV | 166 | 4.0 (3.0–5.0) | 0.000 | 1.64 (1.37–1.96) |
| Treatment selection | ||||
| Supportive treatment | 67 | 1.3 (1.0–3.0) | ||
| Surgery, chemo- or interventional therapy | 235 | 7.4 (6.0–9.3) | 0.000 | 0.84 (0.77–0.91) |
| Total bilirubin | ||||
| Normal | 144 | 5.3 (4.3–7.3) | ||
| High | 158 | 6.0 (5.0–9.0) | 0.362 | 0.89 (0.69–1.15) |
| Direct bilirubin | ||||
| Normal | 58 | 7.0 (4.0–11.0) | ||
| High | 244 | 5.7 (5.0–7.0) | 0.386 | 1.16 (0.83–1.61) |
| Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase | ||||
| Normal | 164 | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | ||
| High | 136 | 7.0 (5.1–11.0) | 0.042 | 0.77 (0.59–0.99) |
| Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase | ||||
| Normal | 170 | 5.7 (5.0–7.3) | ||
| High | 130 | 6.0 (4.2–11.0) | 0.173 | 0.84 (0.65–1.08) |
| Albumin | ||||
| Low | 82 | 1.8 (1.23–5.0) | ||
| Normal | 210 | 7.0 (5.4–9.0) | ||
| High | 7 | 14.2 (3.0–27.1) | 0.000 | 0.60 (0.46–0.79) |
| Blood urea nitrogen | ||||
| Normal | 270 | 6.0 (5.0–7.1) | ||
| High | 29 | 1.7 (0.9–13.1) | 0.854 | 0.96 (0.61–1.50) |
| Serum creatinine | ||||
| Normal | 263 | 6.6 (5.0–8.0) | ||
| High | 36 | 4.3 (1.2–6.0) | 0.443 | 1.17 (0.78–1.75) |
| Lactate dehydrogenase | ||||
| Normal | 200 | 7.0 (5.8–9.0) | ||
| High | 83 | 4.3 (1.7–4.4) | 0.005 | 1.50 (1.13–1.99) |
| Blood glucose | ||||
| Low | 16 | 3.0 (1.0–7.0) | ||
| Normal | 185 | 7.0 (5.0–9.3) | ||
| High | 96 | 5.0 (3.2–7.3) | 0.965 | 0.99 (0.77–1.28) |
| Hemoglobin | ||||
| Low | 89 | 3.7 (2.2–5.7) | ||
| Normal | 212 | 7.0 (5.4–9.0) | 0.023 | 0.73 (0.55–0.96) |
| White blood cells | ||||
| Low | 33 | 10.6 (5.3–18.4) | ||
| Normal | 212 | 7.0 (5.1–8.0) | ||
| High | 56 | 1.7 (1.0–3.3) | 0.000 | 1.63 (1.27–2.09) |
| Platelets | ||||
| Low | 52 | 3.5 (2.0–7.0) | ||
| Normal | 220 | 7.0 (5.1–8.0) | ||
| High | 29 | 5.4 (2.2–13.0) | 0.332 | 0.88 (0.68–1.14) |
| CEA | ||||
| Normal | 130 | 5.0 (4.0–6.0) | ||
| High | 67 | 2.0 (1.3–3.0) | 0.030 | 1.43 (1.04–1.98) |
| CA19-9 | ||||
| Normal | 52 | 5.0 (3.0–9.1) | ||
| High | 153 | 3.8 (2.5–5.0) | 0.060 | 1.41 (0.99–2.02) |
| CA125 | ||||
| Normal | 22 | 10.1 (6.0–18.0) | ||
| High | 26 | 3.1 (1.4–5.0) | 0.018 | 2.06 (1.13–3.76) |
| CA15-3 | ||||
| Normal | 47 | 2.4 (1.6–5.0) | ||
| High | 26 | 3.2 (1.2–7.8) | 0.564 | 0.86 (0.50–1.46) |
| CA72-4 | ||||
| Normal | 40 | 1.4 (1.0–2.5) | ||
| High | 13 | 1.6 (0.8–2.0) | 0.429 | 1.33 (0.66–2.69) |
| CA50 | ||||
| Normal | 31 | 1.7 (0.8–4.3) | ||
| High | 29 | 1.3 (0.8–1.6) | 0.258 | 1.40 (0.78–2.49) |
| CA242 | ||||
| Normal | 15 | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | ||
| High | 27 | 1.6 (0.8–3.7) | 0.312 | 0.70 (0.35–1.40) |