Figure 12.

Within-block changes in TS response in the anterior region of the ventral vmPFC. One block of trials was separated into the early, middle, and late sub-blocks, and single-trial TS responses were obtained for each sub-block for all 33 anterior ventral (+) vmPFC neurons. For each neuron, single-trial responses were converted to z-scores (normalized relative to the average TS response across both the aversive and appetitive blocks). Asterisks indicate significant differences in activity between adjacent sub-blocks (Wilcoxon's rank-sum test; p < 0.05). Because anterior ventral aversive block TS responses were tonic and continued until the presentation of the aversive CSs, for this analysis, TS responses were measured for the entire TS period.