Table 1.
Chronic adolescent food insecurity by household food insecurity and socio-demographic characteristics at baseline
|
Baseline characteristics |
n |
Adolescent chronic food security status |
P |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food secure | Food insecure | |||
| Household income (tertiles) | ||||
| Low |
633 |
82.6% |
17.4% |
<0.001 |
| Middle |
653 |
84.1% |
15.9% |
|
| High |
625 |
91.5% |
8.5% |
|
| Residence | ||||
| Urban |
671 |
86.4% |
13.6% |
0.383 |
| Semi-urban |
549 |
84.3% |
15.7% |
|
| Rural |
691 |
87.0% |
13.0% |
|
| Household food security status | ||||
| Food secure |
1154 |
91.7% |
8.3% |
<0.001 |
| Food insecure |
757 |
77.4% |
22.6% |
|
| Sex | ||||
| Female |
917 |
84.1% |
15.9% |
0.018 |
| Male |
994 |
87.8% |
12.2% |
|
| Educational status of the adolescent | ||||
| Primary (grade 0-8) |
1582 |
85.6% |
14.4% |
<0.001 |
| Secondary and above (grade >9) |
329 |
93.0% |
7.0% |
|
| Dependency ratio (tertiles) | ||||
| Low |
584 |
88.9% |
11.1% |
0.002 |
| Middle |
686 |
87.2% |
12.8% |
|
| High |
641 |
82.2% |
17.8% |
|
| Household size (mean ± SD) |
1911 |
8.4 (3.4) |
8.5 (3.4) |
0.6461 |
| Age of adolescents in years (mean ± SD) |
1911 |
14.7 (1.3) |
14.8 (1.3) |
0.755 |
| Sex of the household head | ||||
| Male |
1568 |
86.8% |
13.2% |
0.038 |
| Female |
343 |
82.5% |
17.5% |
|
| Maternal education | ||||
| Illiterate |
1096 |
84.8% |
15.2% |
0.003 |
| Primary |
592 |
85.8% |
14.2% |
|
| Secondary and above |
195 |
93.8% |
6.2% |
|
| Paternal education | ||||
| Illiterate |
624 |
85.1% |
14.9% |
<0.001 |
| Primary |
773 |
84.5% |
15.5% |
|
| Secondary and above |
420 |
92.4% |
7.6% |
|
| Season of the Year | ||||
| Spring |
865 |
85.3% |
14.7% |
0.642 |
| Winter |
252 |
85.7% |
14.3% |
|
| Summer |
794 |
86.9% |
13.1% |
|
| All | 1911 | 86.0% | 14.0% | |
Jimma Longitudinal Family Survey of Youth; Round 1(2005/2006); Round 2(2006/2007).
Means and proportions were compared using t-test and Chi-square tests, respectively.
†Means with standard deviations in brackets are shown, unless otherwise indicated.
SD: Standard deviation.