Table 2.
The risk of obesity risk traits1in 1187 White and 994 Pakistani infants
|
UK-WHO charts |
UK90 reference charts |
Relative Risk (95% Confidence Interval) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White | Pakistani | White | Pakistani | White | Pakistani | |
|
Overweight (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 month |
3.4 |
0.8 |
3.8 |
0.9 |
0.889 (0.585, 1.350) |
0.889 (0.344, 2.295) |
| 2 months |
2.7 |
0.5 |
4.2 |
1.1 |
0.640* (0.414, 0.990) |
0.455 (0.159, 1.303) |
| 3 months |
3.7 |
0.9 |
4.7 |
1.3 |
0.786 (0.534, 1.157) |
0.692 (0.297, 1.612) |
| 4 months |
4.7 |
1.5 |
5.0 |
1.5 |
0.949 (0.664, 1.356) |
1.000 (0.492, 2.035) |
| 5 months |
6.0 |
1.5 |
5.1 |
1.5 |
1.164 (0.835, 1.623) |
1.000 (0.492, 2.035) |
| 6 months |
7.1 |
2.3 |
5.1 |
1.5 |
1.400* (1.015, 1.931) |
1.533 (0.805, 2.921) |
| 7 months |
9.4 |
3.5 |
5.8 |
1.9 |
1.623* (1.216, 2.167) |
1.842* (1.061, 3.198) |
| 8 months |
12.0 |
5.4 |
6.7 |
2.6 |
1.775* (1.366, 2.306) |
2.077* (1.312, 3.288) |
| 9 months |
15.1 |
7.2 |
7.9 |
3.6 |
1.904* (1.503, 2.412) |
2.000* (1.354, 2.955) |
| 10 months |
18.4 |
9.2 |
9.8 |
4.4 |
1.888* (1.530, 2.330) |
2.068* (1.459, 2.932) |
| 11 months |
21.9 |
11.7 |
12.0 |
5.5 |
1.831* (1.517, 2.210) |
2.109* (1.549, 2.872) |
| 12 months |
26.1 |
15.0 |
14.1 |
7.1 |
1.856* (1.566, 2.200) |
2.099* (1.604, 2.745) |
| 24 months (n = 332 White, 419 Pakistani) |
24.7 |
24.6 |
11.1 |
11.7 |
2.216* (1.551, 3.167) |
2.102* (1.539, 2.872) |
|
Obesity (%) | ||||||
| 1 month |
0·4 |
0·1 |
0·6 |
0·1 |
0·714 (0·227, 2·244) |
1·000 (0·063, 15·965) |
| 2 months |
0·2 |
0·1 |
0·4 |
0·1 |
0·400 (0·078, 2·058) |
1·000 (0·063, 15·965) |
| 3 months |
0·3 |
0·1 |
0·3 |
0·1 |
1·000 (0·202, 4·945) |
1·000 (0·063, 15·965) |
| 4 months |
0·3 |
0·1 |
0·3 |
0·1 |
0·750 (0·168, 3·344) |
1·000 (0·063, 15·965) |
| 5 months |
0·7 |
0·2 |
0·5 |
0·1 |
1·333 (0·464, 3·831) |
2·000 (0·182, 22·021) |
| 6 months |
1·4 |
0·4 |
0·7 |
0·4 |
2·125 (0·921, 4·905) |
1·000 (0·251, 3·987) |
| 7 months |
1·9 |
0·4 |
1·2 |
0·4 |
1·643 (0·850, 3·177) |
1·000 (0·251, 3·987) |
| 8 months |
3·0 |
0·5 |
1·4 |
0·4 |
2·118* (1·196, 3·749) |
1·250 (0·337, 4·641) |
| 9 months |
4·2 |
1·0 |
2·4 |
0·4 |
1·786* (1·132, 2·816) |
2·500 (0·787, 7·945) |
| 10 months |
5·7 |
2·4 |
3·2 |
0·5 |
1·789* (1·213, 2·640) |
4·800* (1·839, 12·530) |
| 11 months |
7·6 |
4·0 |
4·2 |
0·8 |
1·800* (1·286, 2·519) |
5·000* (2·352, 10·627) |
| 12 months |
10·1 |
5·2 |
5·2 |
1·4 |
1·935* (1·440, 2·602) |
3·714* (2·072, 6·657) |
| 24 months (n = 332 White, 419 Pakistani) |
8·4 |
9·8 |
4·2 |
4·5 |
2·000* (1·072, 3·730) |
2·158* (1·274, 3·654) |
|
Weight gain 0–12 months | ||||||
|
Rapid (%) |
47.3 |
53.2 |
36.5 |
41.8 |
1.254* (1.151, 1.366) |
1.262* (1.153, 1.381) |
|
Extremely (%) rapid |
24.6 |
30.9 |
18.1 |
23.8 |
1.228* (1.099, 1.371) |
1.203* (1.081, 1.340) |
|
BMI gain 1–12 months | ||||||
|
Rapid (%) |
54.4 |
56.0 |
35.5 |
37.8 |
1.485* (1.361, 1.621) |
1.454* (1.324, 1.595) |
| Extremely rapid (%) | 31.9 | 33.4 | 19.5 | 20.0 | 1.427* (1.278, 1.593) | 1.456* (1.292, 1.641) |
*significant at p < 0.05.
1Overweight, BMI > 1.34 Z-scores = 91st centile; obesity, BMI > 2.05 Z-scores = 98th centile; rapid weight or BMI gain, gain > 0.67 Z-scores = one centile band; extremely rapid weight or BMI gain, gain > 1.34 Z-scores = two centile bands.