Table 1.
Participant Demographic Summary
| Variable | PTSD (n = 55) | Non-PTSD (n = 68) | Test statistic |
| Age, M (SD) | 42.31 (10.12) | 42.13 (10.01) | F(1, 121) = 0.01, ns |
| Education, M (SD) | 12.61 (1.82) | 12.68 (2.84) | F(1, 118) = 0.02, ns |
| Gender (% female) | 53 (29 of 55) | 43 (29 of 68) | χ² (1) = 1.24, ns |
| Race | |||
| % Black | 53 (29 of 55) | 68 (46 of 68) | χ² (3) = 4.55, ns |
| % Caucasian | 40 (22 of 55) | 31 (21 of 68) | |
| % Married | 15 (8 of 55) | 13 (9 of 68) | χ² (4) = 0.90, ns |
| % Veteran | 26 (14 of 55) | 24 (16 of 68) | χ² (1) = 0.06, ns |
| DTS | 66.67 (31.53) | 20.19 (26.05) | F(1, 121) = 80.16, p < .001 |
| CAARS DSM-IV inattention symptom severity (raw) | 11.47 (5.76) | 5.50 (3.79) | F(1, 121) = 47.72, p < .001 |
| CAARS DSM-IV hyperactive–impulsive symptom severity (raw) | 11.31 (4.71) | 6.82 (3.60) | F(1, 121) = 35.84, p < .001 |
| CAARS DSM-IV inattention symptom count | 3.33 (2.86) | 0.66 (1.22) | F(1, 121) = 48.29, p < .001 |
| CAARS DSM-IV hyperactive–impulsive symptom count | 3.25 (2.25) | 1.41 (1.47) | F(1, 121) = 29.97, p < .001 |
| Cigarettes per day | 17.20 (7.87) | 15.66 (7.03) | F(1, 121) = 1.31, ns |
| Time to first cigarette, % | χ² (3) = 1.55, ns | ||
| Within 5 min | 4 (2 of 55) | 3 (2 of 68) | |
| 6–30 min | 7 (4 of 55) | 10 (7 of 68) | |
| 31–60 min | 35 (19 of 55) | 43 (29 of 68) | |
| After 60 min | 55 (30 of 55) | 44 (30 of 68) | |
| FTND | 6.10 (1.83) | 5.22 (1.95) | F(1, 121) = 6.56, p = .012 |
| Carbon monoxide level at screen | 23.31 (12.12) | 24.00 (10.89) | F(1, 121) = 0.11, ns |
| Months since trauma | 204.15 (160.73) | 192.16 (210.54) | F(1, 114) = 0.12, ns |
| MDD | 31% (17 of 55) | 4% (3 of 68) | χ² (1) = 15.68, p < .001 |
| Trauma types | N/A | ||
| Combat | 8 | 1 | |
| Childhood physical/sexual abuse | 11 | 8 | |
| Adult physical assault | 11 | 6 | |
| Motor vehicle accident | 2 | 11 | |
| Domestic violence | 1 | 4 | |
| Death of someone | 12 | 17 | |
| Adult violence | 4 | 6 | |
| Natural disaster | 0 | 3 | |
| Childhood violence | 1 | 2 | |
| Other | 4 | 6 | |
Note. CAARS = Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale; DTS = Davidson Trauma Scale; FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; MDD = major depressive disorder; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder. df vary for education and months since trauma variables due to missing participant responses.