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. 2012 May 31;40(16):8021–8032. doi: 10.1093/nar/gks392

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Mechanism of Hfq-mediated regulation of GlmS with sRNAs, GlmZ and GlmY [adapted from (31)]. glmS is transcribed as a poly-cistronic message that also includes glmU. Upon transcription, RNase E cleaves at the stop codon of glmU (at −161 nt position with respect to the translation start site of glmS) that separates the translational control of GlmS and GlmU genes. The RNase E cleaved glmS transcript is repressed for translation by its 5′-UTR structure that masks the RBS. Upon synthesis of GlmZ sRNA, GlmS translation is activated in an Hfq-dependent manner. Here the GlmZ–glmS interaction relieves the inhibitory structure of glmS for translation. YhbJ, a predicted NTPase negatively regulates GlmS expression by processing GlmZ sRNA. GlmY, a second sRNA which has structural and sequence homology to GlmZ, antagonizes YhbJ from GlmZ, upregulating GlmS expression. Overall, the GlmS expression is activated by two homologous sRNAs GlmZ and GlmY in a coordinated manner in the presence of Hfq.