Antitumor efficacy of ZD55-TRAIL-IETD-Smac in nude mice. Female BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with Bel-7404 cells (1×107). When tumors reached a size of 80–100 mm3, the animals were treated with an intratumoral injection of ZD55-TRAIL-IETD-Smac or other recombinant adenovirus at the dose described in Materials and Methods. PBS was used as a control. (A) Tumor size was measured and tumor volume was monitored at various times after treatment. Data are presented as means±SD (n=8). (B) Kaplan–Meier survival curves of animals. The percentage of surviving mice was calculated by monitoring the death of mice over a period of 73 days. A pair-wise log-rank test was used to analyze survival rates in the various groups. (C and D) Representative histological changes and protein expression of TRAIL and Smac in xenografts on day 7 after treatment. Tumors were harvested and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, cut into 4-μm sections, and then subjected to immunochemical staining, TUNEL assay, and H&E staining (original magnification,×200). Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/hum