Table 2.

Association [OR (95% CI)] between urinary phthalate metabolites and diabetes among women 20–79 years of age (NHANES 2001–2008).

Urinary phthalate metabolite	Model 1a	Model 2b	Model 3c	Model 4d
MEP
Q1
Q2	1.04 (0.65–1.68)		1.00 (0.63–1.59)		0.95 (0.60–1.51)		0.93 (0.58–1.49)
Q3	1.08 (0.62–1.88)		1.17 (0.64–2.13)		1.09 (0.61–1.96)		1.19 (0.65–2.20)
Q4	1.10 (0.58–2.06)		0.94 (0.49–1.80)		0.89 (0.47–1.67)		0.89 (0.48–1.68)
MnBP
Q1
Q2	1.37 (0.84–2.24)		1.32 (0.80–2.18)		1.29 (0.78–2.13)		1.31 (0.78–2.22)
Q3	2.01 (1.21–3.36)		1.76 (1.05–2.94)		1.71 (1.04–2.81)		1.73 (1.01–2.96)
Q4	1.32 (0.76–2.28)		1.06 (0.59–1.89)		1.06 (0.61–1.85)		1.14 (0.63–2.04)
MiBP
Q1
Q2	1.04 (0.66–1.66)		1.06 (0.67–1.68)		1.04 (0.66–1.67)		1.03 (0.64–1.67)
Q3	1.47 (0.85–2.53)		1.65 (0.91–2.98)		1.69 (0.93–3.06)		1.71 (0.92–3.16)
Q4	1.85 (1.04–3.27)		1.97 (0.99–3.93)		1.95 (0.99–3.85)		1.80 (0.89–3.65)
MBzP
Q1
Q2	0.81 (0.43–1.51)		0.85 (0.45–1.60)		0.78 (0.41–1.49)		0.84 (0.44–1.60)
Q3	1.73 (1.12–2.66)		1.84 (1.18–2.88)		1.80 (1.16–2.81)		1.90 (1.18–3.08)
Q4	1.60 (0.86–2.97)		1.95 (1.09–3.48)		1.96 (1.11–3.47)		1.99 (1.14–3.49)
MCPPe
Q1
Q2	0.78 (0.46–1.33)		0.85 (0.50–1.44)		0.83 (0.49–1.43)		0.76 (0.44–1.33)
Q3	1.46 (0.95–2.25)		1.54 (0.98–2.42)		1.55 (0.98–2.44)		1.47 (0.90–2.41)
Q4	1.45 (0.84–2.49)		1.62 (0.97–2.71)		1.68 (1.03–2.75)		1.64 (0.96–2.79)
∑DEHP (MEHP, MEHHP, and MEOHP)f
Q1
Q2	1.53 (0.92–2.54)		1.58 (0.97–2.57)		1.53 (0.95–2.48)		1.47 (0.90–2.40)
Q3	1.81 (1.10–2.99)		1.85 (1.13–3.02)		1.73 (1.03–2.91)		1.70 (0.96–3.03)
Q4	1.45 (0.84–2.51)		1.66 (0.90–3.05)		1.53 (0.82–2.87)		1.43 (0.75–2.75)
Q, quartile. For each of the metabolites, Q1 is the reference. aAdjusted for urine creatinine. bAdjusted for urine creatinine, age, race/ethnicity, education, poverty status, and fasting time. cAdjusted for urine creatinine, age, race/ethnicity, education, poverty status, fasting time, total caloric intake, total fat intake, smoking status, and physical activity. dAdjusted for urine creatinine, age, race/ethnicity, education, poverty status, fasting time, total caloric intake, total fat intake, smoking status, physical activity, BMI, and waist circumference. eSmoking and physical activity were not included in this analysis. fSmoking was not included in this analysis.