Figure 4.

GNC promotes chloroplast development in the hypocotyls and roots. A, Representative chloroplasts from hypocotyls of Col-0, gnc cga1, OX-1, and OX-2 seedlings grown under constant white light for 7 d. B, Chloroplast size of cortical cells in hypocotyls. The quantification was performed on 20 chloroplasts in the cortical cells from each hypocotyl. Three individual hypocotyls of each line were quantified. Error bars indicate sd (Dunnett’s multiple comparison test was performed by using Col-0 as a reference group after one-way ANOVA [n = 60; ***P < 0.001]). C, Ectopic chloroplast production in the roots overexpressing GNC. Proplastids are from Col-0 or gnc cga1 roots, and chloroplasts are from the roots of OX-1 and OX-2. Bars = 500 nm. S, Starch granules. Asterisks indicate plastids.