Table 1.
Characteristics of cohort categorized by average pre-delirium sleep quality.
| Pre-Delirium Sleep Quality2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Baseline Measures Mean ± St. Dev or N (Column %)1 | Good Sleep Quality (Average PSQI4 <=2) | Poor Sleep Quality (Average PSQI4 > 2) | ||
|
| ||||
| 42 | 33 | Test Value3 | p | |
|
| ||||
| Age at baseline (years) | 66.5 ± 12.9 | 70.5 ± 10.9 | z=1.52 | 0.128 |
|
| ||||
| Men | 39 (93%) | 32 (97%) | Fisher’s Exact | 0.626 |
|
| ||||
| Education (years) | 12.4 ± 3.4 (N missing=3) | 12.8 ± 2.3 (N missing=2) | z=0.48 | 0.631 |
|
| ||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White non-Hispanic | 39 (93%) | 30 (91%) | Fisher’s Exact | 0.804 |
|
| ||||
| Marital Status | ||||
| Married | 20 (48%) | 13 (39%) | Fisher’s Exact | 0.303 |
|
| ||||
| Hospice Diagnosis | ||||
| Cancer | 29 (69%) | 26 (79%) | χ2 0.90, 1 d.f. | 0.344 |
|
| ||||
| Past Mental Illness | 25 (60%) | 18 (55%) | χ2 0.19, 1 d.f. | 0.665 |
|
| ||||
| Dementia | 3 (7%) | 4 (12%) | Fisher’s Exact | 0.692 |
|
| ||||
| Caregiver | ||||
| Spouse/partner | 23 (55%) | 13 (39%) | ||
| Family or friend | 9 (21%) | 16 (48%) | ||
| Staff/guardian/other | 10 (24%) | 4 (12%) | χ2 6.32, 2 d.f. | 0.042 |
|
| ||||
| ECOG Performance Status | 2.4 ± 1.0 (N missing=1) | 2.5 ± 0.8 (N missing=0) | z=0.60 | 0.550 |
|
| ||||
| Depression | 4 (10%) | 9 (27%) (N missing=1) | Fisher’s Exact | 0.062 |
|
| ||||
| Alcohol Abuse | 2 (5%) (N missing=1) | 4 (12%) (N missing=1) | Fisher’s Exact | 0.394 |
|
| ||||
| MMSE Score | 25.6 ± 4.6 (N missing=2) | 26.1 ± 4.4 (N missing=2) | z=0.26 | 0.798 |
|
| ||||
| Anxiety | 5.8 ± 4.5 (N missing=11) | 6.1 ± 2.4 (N missing=14) | z=0.98 | 0.330 |
|
| ||||
| Suffering Score | 60 ± 35 (N missing=1) | 59 ± 29 (N missing=1) | z=−0.34 | 0.730 |
|
| ||||
| Quality of Life Score | 78 ± 25 (N missing=1) | 63 ± 33 (N missing=1) | z=−1.97 | 0.049 |
|
| ||||
| Time from enrollment to death (days) | 196 ± 207 (N missing=1) | 238 ± 270 (N missing=0) | z=−0.36 | 0.728 |
1
Percents listed are % of all, including missing as a category.
2
Sleep Quality is the mean overall sleep quality rating for the entire study (patients with no delirium) or until the first delirium episode. Number of sleep quality assessments per patient ranged from 1–39, (median = 4) for those who completed at least one assessment.
3
zapproximation from Wilcoxon signed rank test (with continuity correction)
Scoring of items is as follows:
- MMSE: 0–30; lower scores indicate poorer mental status
- ECOG Performance Status: 0–4; lower scores indicate better performance status
- Anxiety: 0–21: lower scores indicate less anxiety (measured with the HADS)
- Quality of life score: 0–100; lower scores indicate worse quality of life
- Suffering score: 0–100; lower scores indicate more suffering