Figure 3. L-Carnosine addition affects the heat output rate of yeast cells grown on the non-fermentable carbon source, 2% glycerol.

Yeast cells were cultured in shake-flasks at 30°C in YP supplemented with 2% glycerol in the presence of 0–30 mM L-carnosine, as indicated, and the heat output rate measured by on-line flow microcalorimetry. Control cells exhibit a classic monophasic metabolic profile on glycerol; on addition of L-carnosine the profile is altered only slightly as the onset of the peak is earlier.