Table 1. Oligonucleotide primers used in this study.

Target	Primers (forward/reverse, 5'-3')
Construction of mutant
aphA	GTGACTGCAGCGCAGCAAATAACCAGAC/CCAATCACTTCAAGTTCTGTTGTCTTCAATCCAAATGGTC
aphA	GACCATTTGGATTGAAGACAACAGAACTTGAAGTGATTGG/GTGAGCATGCGTTTTCGTGACCGCTGTG
aphA	GTGACTGCAGCGCAGCAAATAACCAGAC/GTGAGCATGCGTTTTCGTGACCGCTGTG
Complementation of mutant
aphA	AGCGGGATCCATGTCATTACCACACGTAATC/AGCGAAGCTTTTAACCAATCACTTCAAGTTC
Protein expression
aphA	AGCGGGATCCATGTCATTACCACACGTAATC/AGCGAAGCTTTTAACCAATCACTTCAAGTTC
EMSA
aphA	AACTTCCAACCACATAATTGCG/GGCTGGAGCAGGTATGATTG
opaR	TGTGGGTTGAGGTAGGTCG/GCCTAGTTCTAGGTCTCTTTGC
qrr2	AGTGGTTGCTTATGAATC/GGTCGAGAAGTATTATGC
qrr3	GGATAAGTTCAAATTGGATC/GTGGTTTCTGTGACATAC
qrr4	AACCGTGAAATCCATTTAC/CGACGCATTATTAACCAG
DNase I footprinting
aphA	AACTTCCAACCACATAATTGCG/GGCTGGAGCAGGTATGATTG
opaR	AGTGGGTTGAAAGTCACATCC/GCCTAGTTCTAGGTCTCTTTGC
qrr4	AACCGTGAAATCCATTTAC/CGACGCATTATTAACCAG
Primer extension
aphA	/GCTCTTACTGGCGCTTGAG
opaR	/ATCCATTTTCCTTGCCATTTG
qrr2	/TTATTGTGAACAATCTATAT
qrr3	/AATCAAGTTCACTAACAAC
qrr4	/ATATACTTGTGAACAATGTG
LacZ fusion
aphA	GCGCGTCGACCATTCGTAATACAAAAGG/GCGCGGTACCTTCCAGAAGTAACCGATGCTAG
opaR	GCGCGTCGACTCCATCGTGTTGCCGTAGC/GCGCGGTACCCAATATCTGCGTGACCACCAC
qrr2	GCGCGTCGACAAAGTATGAAATAGTGTCGTAG/GCGCGAATTCTAGCCAACCGCAATAATC
qrr3	GCGCGTCGACGTGTTGATACCCATTATTC/GCGCGAATTCTGCGATTGGCTTATATAC
qrr4	GGGGTCGAC AACCGTGAAATCCATTTAC/GGGGAATTCATATACTTGTGAACAATGTG