Table 1.
Gene Targets of MicroRNA Regulating Lipid Metabolism
| miR species | Direction of Effect | Observed Targets | Target Gene Function | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33 | ↓ | Adenosine Triphosphate Binding Cassette Transporter (ABCA1) | Cholesterol efflux pump; initiation of HDL-c formation |
Rayner et. al., 2010 Rayner, Sheedy, et. al., 2011 Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 |
| 33 | ↓ | Neimann Pick Type C1 (NPC1) | Transports LDL-c to endosomes/lysosomes for hydrolysis to free cholesterol | Rayner et. al., 2010 |
| 33 | ↓ | Hydroxylacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase/3 Ketoacyl-CoA Thiolase, beta subunit (HADHB) | Mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids |
Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 Dávalos et. al., 2011 |
| 33 | ↓ | Carnitine O-Octanoyltransferase (CROT) | Mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids |
Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 Dávalos et. al., 2011 |
| 33 | ↓ | Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) | Mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids |
Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 Dávalos et. al., 2011 |
| 33 | ↑ | Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor (SREBF) | Regulates transcription of LDL receptor, fatty acids, and cholesterol synthesis pathways | Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 |
| 33 | ↓ | AMP Kinase (AMPK) | Regulates ATP-consuming biopathways to prevent cellular ATP depletion |
Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 Dávalos et. al., 2011 |
| 33 | ↓ | Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 (IRS2) | Mediates effects of insulin |
Rayner, Esau, et. al., 2011 Dávalos et. al., 2011 |
| 122 | ↓ | Glycogen Synthase 1(GYS1) | Catalyzes the addition of glucose to glycogen | Esau et. al., 2006 |
| 122 | ↓ | Solute Carrier Family 7 (SLC7A1, CAT1) | Transport of cationic amino acids in hepatic cells |
Esau et. al., 2006 Cirera et. al., 2010 |
| 122 | ↓ | Misshapen/NIK-Related Kinase 1 (MINK1) | Activates JNK and p38 pathways, which are involved in stress response | Esau et. al., 2006 |
| 122 | ↓ | Aldoase A, Fructose-Biphosphate (ALDOA) | Catalyzes conversion of fructose to glyceraldehydes | Esau et. al., 2006 |
| 122 | ↓ | Cyclin G1 (CCNG1) | DNA repair | Esau et. al., 2006 |
| 122 | ↓ | Procollagen-Proline, 2- Oxoglutarate-4-Dioxygenase (P4HA1) | Post-translational modification of collagens | Esau et. al., 2006 |
| 122 | ↑ | Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor (SREBF) | Regulates transcription of LDL receptor, fatty acids, and cholesterol synthesis pathways | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 122 | ↑ | Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) | Catalyzes synthesis of triglycerides | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 122 | ↑ | Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) | Synthesis of long chain fatty acids | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 122 | ↑ | Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, group H, member 3/Liver X Receptor α (NR1H3) | Cholesterol homeostasis | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 122 | ↑ | Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase α (ACACA) | Fatty acid synthesis | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 122 | ↑ | Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) | Bile acid production, absorption of cholesterol | Song et. al., 2010 |
| 370 | ↓ | Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) | Mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 370 | ↑ | Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor 1c (SREBF1c) | Regulates transcription of LDL receptor, fatty acids, and cholesterol synthesis pathways | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 370 | ↑ | Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) | Catalyzes synthesis of triglycerides | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 370 | ↑ | Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) | Synthesis of long chain fatty acids | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 370 | ↑ | Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, group H, member 3/Liver X Receptor α (NR1H3) | Cholesterol homeostasis | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 370 | ↑ | Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase α (ACACA) | Fatty acid synthesis | Iliopoulos et. al., 2010 |
| 758 | ↓ | Adenosine Triphosphate Binding Cassette Transporter (ABCA1) | Cholesterol efflux pump; initiation of HDL-c formation | Ramirez et. al., 2011 |