Fig. 5.

a, b CT scans of case 11 before the development of pulmonary NTM disease. Ground-glass opacities, centrilobular small nodules, and tree-in-bud sign are observed in the right middle lobe. In the right lower lobe, centrilobular small nodules and a calcified nodule are noted (S8). c, d After 2 months of etanercept therapy, diffuse ground-glass attenuation and centrilobular small nodules have appeared in the right middle and lower lobes, the lingula, and the left lower lobe. Consolidation is expanded in the right lower lobe. Thick-walled cavities have appeared in the right lower lobe (S8 and S9). e, f CT imaging after 2 years of anti-NTM treatment shows a satisfactory response