TABLE 2.
Self-reported dietary intakes of α- and γ-tocopherol, plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations, and urinary vitamin E metabolite concentrations1
| All subjects(n = 233) | High group2(n = 33) | Typical group2(n = 200) | P value3 | |
| Dietary α-tocopherol (mg/d)4 | 14.7 ± 12.9 (9.7) | 23.3 ± 17.4 (17.8) | 13.3 ± 11.5 (8.6) | 0.003 |
| Dietary γ-tocopherol (mg/d)4 | 4.5 ± 5.3 (3.2) | 4.8 ± 7.5 (2.5) | 4.4 ± 4.8 (3.3) | 0.46 |
| Plasma α-tocopherol (μmol/L) | 25.4 ± 7.8 (24.3) | 39.9 ± 6.3 (39.7) | 23.0 ± 4.9 (23.3) | 0.001 |
| Plasma α-tocopherol (mmol/mol)5 | 6.4 ± 1.6 (6.1) | 8.6 ± 1.8 (8.5) | 5.9 ± 1.2 (5.8) | 0.001 |
| Plasma γ-tocopherol (mmol/mol)5 | 0.96 ± 0.48 (0.87) | 0.79 ± 0.39 (0.72) | 0.98 ± 0.49 (0.90) | 0.02 |
| Urinary α-CEHC (μmol/g)6 | 2.9 ± 3.2 (1.8) | 5.5 ± 4.7 (4.1) | 2.6 ± 2.7 (1.6) | 0.001 |
| Urinary α-CMBHC (μmol/g)6 | 0.44 ± 0.63 (0.23) | 0.7 ± 0.8 (0.42) | 0.4 ± 0.6 (0.22) | 0.001 |
| Urinary γ-CEHC (μmol/g)6 | 5.1 ± 3.4 (4.3) | 5.6 ± 3.1 (5.3) | 4.9 ± 3.5 (4.2) | 0.12 |
All values are means ± SDs; medians in parentheses. CEHC, carboxyethyl hydroxychroman; CMBHC, carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychroman.
Subjects were divided into high or typical grouping based on a plasma α-tocopherol value >33 μmol/L. Those subjects with plasma values >33 μmol/L were placed in the “High” group, and those subjects with plasma values ≤33 μmol/L were placed in the “Typical” group.
P values for high compared with low comparisons were estimated by using Wilcoxon's tests.
Dietary (http://24hrrecall.com); mean of first 6 dietary recalls.
Plasma concentrations were normalized for total cholesterol.
Mean of two 24-h urine collections; normalized for creatinine.