Table 1.
Questions | Answers | References |
---|---|---|
General |
|
|
· Is there an association between delay from symptom onset until start of treatment and outcome? |
Yes, however data with regard to the value of pre hospital treatment with antibiotics are controversial |
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30 |
patient's perspective |
|
|
· What is the patient decision time? |
n/a |
|
· Can we define factors associated with prehospital delay? |
n/a |
|
· Why do patients with sepsis wait before deciding to go to hospital? |
n/a |
|
bystander's perspective |
|
|
· What are their thoughts and feelings? |
n/a |
|
· Which action do they take and why? |
n/a |
|
· Can we identify bystanders of high-risk patients? |
n/a |
|
dispatcher's perspective |
|
|
· What signs and symptoms appear to the dispatchers by telephone in sepsis? |
n/a |
|
· How often do the dispatchers suspect sepsis? |
n/a |
|
· Can a decision support system improve the accuracy of their prioritization? |
n/a |
|
The EMS perspective |
|
|
· How often do patients with sepsis use the EMS? |
In 50 – 60% |
32, 33, 34 |
· How often do the EMS staffs suspect sepsis? |
In 20 – 50% |
32, 36 |
· Is it possible to improve the EMS staffs’ accuracy in detecting sepsis? |
(1) Limited knowledge among EMS staff |
38 |
(2) Biochemical markers might improve outcome | 39 |
n/a = not available.