Figure 2. Kinetics of gene up-regulation in CAL-1 cells stimulated with CpG ODNs.
CAL-1 cells were incubated with 3 μM K or D ODN and gene expression monitored by microarray. Results represent the average of at least three independent experiments at each time-point. Two additional experiments were performed at the peak of gene up-regulation (9 h for K and 27 h for D ODN), so those time-points reflect the average of five independent studies. Up-regulated genes were identified by comparison with unstimulated controls (evaluated in six independent studies) using a stringency cutoff of P < 10−5. Note that control K ODN (lacking CpG motifs) failed to up-regulate any genes over this period, whereas control D ODN induced limited gene up-regulation (evaluated in four independent experiments). These non-CpG-activated genes were not included in further analyses.