Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | Study Population,N = 3,633 | Women,N = 879 | Men,N = 2,754 | P a |
| Age at first clinic visit, median (IQR), years | 38 (31–44) | 37 (29–44) | 39 (32–45) | 0.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity, no. (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Caucasian | 1,972 (54.3) | 339 (38.6) | 1633 (59.3) | |
| African-American | 1,350 (37.2) | 452 (51.4) | 898 (32.6) | |
| Hispanic | 168 (4.6) | 37 (4.2) | 131 (4.8) | |
| African | 81 (2.2) | 41 (4.7) | 40 (1.5) | |
| Unidentified | 21 (0.6) | 4 (0.5) | 17 (0.6) | |
| Other | 31 (0.9) | 7 (0.9) | 24 (1.0) | |
| Baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count b, median (IQR), cells/mm3 | 325 (150–522) | 360 (190–594) | 316 (139.5–504) | <0.001 |
| Missing, no. (%) | 74 (2) | 20 (2.3) | 54 (2) | 0.57 |
| Baseline CD4+ lymphocyte percentage b, median (IQR), percent | 21 (12–30) | 24 (15–33) | 20 (12–29) | <0.001 |
| Missing, no. (%) | 74 (2) | 21 (2.4) | 53 (1.9) | 0.40 |
| Baseline HIV-1 RNA b, median (IQR), log10 copies/mL | 4.33 (3.07–4.94) | 4.13 (3.03–4.78) | 4.39 (3.07–4.99) | <0.001 |
| Missing, no. (%) | 69 (1.9) | 15 (1.7) | 44 (1.6) | 0.82 |
| HAART use at first clinic visit, no. (%) | 1,189 (32.7) | 243 (27.6) | 946 (34.4) | <0.001 |
| History of ADE, no. (%) | 482 (13.3) | 90 (10.2) | 392 (14.2) | 0.002 |
| Prior non-HAART ART use, no. (%) | 502 (13.8) | 131 (15) | 371 (13.5) | 0.28 |
| Prior HAART use, no. (%) | 1,189 (32.7) | 243 (27.7) | 946 (34.4) | <0.001 |
| Proportion of follow-up time while on HAART, median (IQR), % | 68.7 (0–97.6) | 59.7 (5.1–94.8) | 71.3 (0–98) | 0.02 |
| Injection drug use c, no. (%) | 369 (10.6) | 104 (11.8) | 265 (9.6) | 0.06 |
| History of HCV infectiond, no. (%) | 408 (11.2) | 123 (14) | 285 (10.4) | 0.003 |
| Year of enrollment in care, median (IQR), year | 2004 (2001–2007) | 2004 (2001–2007) | 2004 (2001–2007) | 0.46 |
| Baseline hemoglobin, median (IQR), g/dLMissing, no. (%) | 14 (12.5–15.2)492 (13.5) | 12.4 (11.3–13.4)117 (13.3) | 14.4 (13.1–15.5)375 (13.6) | <0.0010.18 |
| Anemia, no. (%) | 833 (23.0) | 287 (32.7) | 546 (19.8) | <0.001 |
| Mild | 567 (15.6) | 208 (26.0) | 359 (13) | |
| Moderate | 226 (6.2) | 53 (6.0) | 173 (6.3) | |
| Severe | 20 (0.6) | 6 (0.7) | 14 (0.5) |
Note: IQR: interquartile range. HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy. HCV: hepatitis C virus infection. ADE: AIDS-defining event. ART: antiretroviral therapy.
a
Continuous data were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test. Categorical data were compared by 2-sided Fisher’s exact test.
b
Baseline values were defined as the most recent values <180 days prior to first clinic visit.
c
History of injection drug use and other illicit drug use.
d
Established HCV diagnosis.