Table 2.
Summary of the associations of potential correlates with after-school physical activity across 10 studies
| Correlate | Association | Reference |
Summary (na) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | + | - | Assoc.b | |||
|
Demographic/biological |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gender (males) |
+ |
[53-55] |
1 |
3 |
0 |
+ |
| |
0 |
[57] |
|
|
|
|
| Age |
- |
[52]F, [55] |
1 |
0 |
2 |
- |
| |
0 |
[51]F |
|
|
|
|
| Ethnicity |
- |
[52]Hispanic or other F |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| |
0 |
[52]African American White F, [55] |
|
|
|
|
| Perception of general health |
0 |
[54] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| BMI |
- |
[51]F, [52]F |
0 |
0 |
2 |
- |
| SES |
0 |
[52]F |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Psychological |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Self-efficacy (overcoming barriers) |
+ |
[65] |
1 |
1 |
0 |
? |
| |
0 |
[55] |
|
|
|
|
| Self-efficacy (support seeking) |
+ |
[55]VPA |
1 |
1 |
0 |
? |
| |
0 |
[55]MPA |
|
|
|
|
| Self-efficacy (competing activities) |
0 |
[55] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| PA enjoyment |
+ |
[54]M |
1 |
1 |
0 |
? |
| |
0 |
[54]F |
|
|
|
|
| Beliefs about PA |
0 |
[55] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Behavioural |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| TV viewing/playing video games |
- |
[51], [53]M, [55] |
1 |
0 |
3 |
- |
| |
0 |
[53]F |
|
|
|
|
| Use of facilities |
+ |
[52]F |
1 |
1 |
0 |
? |
| |
0 |
[58] |
|
|
|
|
| Member of organised activities |
0 |
[54] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Social/cultural |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Social influences |
+ |
[65] |
1 |
1 |
0 |
? |
| |
0 |
[55] |
|
|
|
|
| Peer support |
+ |
[52]F, [54]M |
2 |
2 |
0 |
? |
| |
0 |
[51]F, [54]F |
|
|
|
|
| Parent/family support |
- |
[54]F |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| |
0 |
[52]F, [54]M |
|
|
|
|
| Parent supervision |
- |
[29]F |
0 |
0 |
1 |
- |
| Licence (parent influence) |
0 |
[51]F |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Perceived PA habits of parents/peers |
0 |
[55] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Physical environment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Access to facilities |
+ |
[52]F, [54], [56]subjective F |
2 |
3 |
0 |
+ |
| |
0 |
[51]F, [56]objective F |
|
|
|
|
| Number of facilities |
+ |
[56]subjective F,[58]subjective |
3 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
| |
- |
[57]F |
|
|
|
|
| |
0 |
[56]objective F, [57]M, [58]objective |
|
|
|
|
| Number of amenities |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Condition of facilities |
0 |
[58] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of walking & cycling paths |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of lighting along paths |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of trees |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of shade |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of a water feature |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of signage re dogs |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Presence of signage restricting other activities |
0 |
[57] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Park coverage |
0 |
[58] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land use mix |
0 |
[58] |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Access to equipment |
+ |
[55]MPA |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
| |
0 |
[54], [55]VPA |
|
|
|
|
| Neighbourhood safety |
+ |
[54] |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
| |
0 |
[51]F, [58] |
|
|
|
|
| Environmental barriers to AT | 0 | [54] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*Males are the reference point for gender associations.
an = the number of identified associations reported across studies (note: The number of studies are indicated in the reference column).
bAssociation shows the direction of the individual/summary association; + = positive association; - = negative association; 0 = no association or a non-significant association; ? = indeterminate.
MPA = moderate physical activity; VPA = vigorous physical activity; M = male; F = female; objective = objective measurement of physical activity; subjective = subjective measurement of physical activity.