Table 3.
Risk factors associated with low birthweight (LBW)
| Variable | LBW (%) |
p-value (univariate) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) (n = 6586) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| Areca nut user | No | 251/1938 (13.0) | 1687/1938 (87.0) | 0.264 | Ref. |
| Yes | 425/3567 (11.9) | 3142/3567 (88.1) | NS | ||
| Primigravida | No | 414/4222 (9.8) | 3808/4222 (90.2) | <0.001 | Ref. |
| Yes | 262/1283 (20.4) | 1021/1283 (79.6) | 2.26 (1.85–2.76) | ||
| First ANC visit after trimester 1 | No | 397/3509 (11.3) | 3112/3509 (88.7) | 0.004 | Ref. |
| Yes | 279/1996 (14.0) | 1717/1996 (86.0) | 1.47 (1.21–1.78) | ||
| Malaria infection | No | 548/4660 (11.8) | 4112/4660 (88.2) | 0.002 | Ref. |
| Yes | 128/845 (15.1) | 717/845 (84.9) | NS | ||
| Smoker | No | 408/3614 (11.3) | 3206/3614 (88.7) | 0.002 | Ref. |
| Yes | 268/1891 (14.2) | 1623/1891 (85.8) | 1.54 (1.27–1.86) | ||
| Female infant | No | 322/2894 (11.1) | 2572/2894 (88.9) | 0.007 | Ref. |
| Yes | 352/2603 (13.5) | 2251/2603 (86.5) | 1.36 (1.14–1.64) | ||
| Mean ± SD gestational age at birth (weeks) | 37.8 ± 2.3 | 39.6 ± 1.2 | <0.001 | 1.97 (1.85–2.09) | |
| Mean ± SD maternal weight at bookinga (kg) | 45 ± 6 | 48 ± 7 | <0.001 | 1.08 (1.06–1.10) | |
Ref.: reference group; NS: not significant; ANC: antenatal clinic.
a
Booking refers to the first ANC visit to register the pregnancy.