Figure 4. Doxorubicin formulation NDC has no observable cardiotoxicity.

(a) Toluidine blue stained heart sections showed the presence of cardiomyopathy (holes, indicated by arrows) in DOX and Doxil treated groups, which was notably absent in ND and NDC treated mice. (b) H&E stained heart sections indicated the presence of hypertrophic cardiac cells in DOX and Doxil treated mice (black arrows), which was also absent in ND and NDC treated mice, as well as controls. (c) TUNEL assay of heart sections indicating increased presence of apoptotic cardiac cells in DOX and Doxil treated groups. (d, e) Enzymatic assay analysis of total glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in heart lysates.