Table 2. The Adjusteda PEP (ms) per Psychiatric and Medication Group, Cross-Sectional for Baseline and Follow-Up.
| N | IDS | BAI | MAP | HR | Mean PEP (SE)a | p | Effect size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | ||||||||
| Not using antidepressants | ||||||||
| Control | 597 | 8.1 | 3.9 | 98.7 (12.6) | 72.0 (8.8) | 120.3 (0.7) | Refb | Refb |
| Remitted anxiety or depressive | 501 | 13.4 | 6.6 | 98.1 (12.0) | 71.3 (9.9) | 119.2 (0.8) | 0.29 | 0.063 |
| Current anxiety disorder | 358 | 21.6 | 14.3 | 98.6 (13.1) | 71.7 (9.4) | 119.3 (0.9) | 0.35 | 0.063 |
| Current depressive disorder | 279 | 25.7 | 11.6 | 97.9 (11.4) | 71.9 (9.1) | 119.9 (1.0) | 0.72 | 0.026 |
| Current anxiety and depressive disorder | 402 | 33.1 | 20.0 | 98.2 (12.8) | 71.7 (9.5) | 120.7 (0.8) | 0.72 | 0.023 |
| Using antidepressants | ||||||||
| TCA user | 75 | 30.2 | 19.3 | 105.8 (13.2) | 81.1 (11.6) | 109.4 (2.0) | <0.001 | 0.639 |
| SNRI user | 160 | 32.3 | 17.8 | 100.9 (11.5) | 73.7 (9.3) | 115.3 (1.3) | 0.001 | 0.296 |
| SSRI user | 466 | 30.1 | 17.8 | 98.6 (12.0) | 70.8 (9.6) | 127.9 (0.8) | <0.001 | 0.444 |
| 2838 | ||||||||
| 2-Year follow-up | ||||||||
| Not using antidepressants | ||||||||
| Control | 456 | 6.2 | 3.1 | 97.1 (12.4) | 73.0 (9.2) | 120.6 (0.8) | Refb | Refb |
| Remitted anxiety or depressive | 734 | 12.1 | 6.2 | 95.6 (11.6) | 72.5 (9.5) | 118.8 (0.6) | 0.23 | 0.104 |
| Current anxiety disorder | 219 | 19.0 | 12.3 | 96.0 (11.6) | 71.5 (10.7) | 120.8 (1.1) | 0.82 | 0.012 |
| Current depressive disorder | 147 | 21.6 | 10.7 | 96.5 (12.6) | 71.1 (7.5) | 120.6 (1.3) | 0.94 | 0.001 |
| Current anxiety and depressive disorder | 186 | 30.7 | 18.2 | 96.3 (11.0) | 71.5 (9.8) | 120.6 (1.2) | 0.89 | 0.006 |
| Using antidepressants | ||||||||
| TCA user | 63 | 22.4 | 13.1 | 102.5 (11.0) | 82.4 (10.7) | 99.9 (2.1) | <0.001 | 1.248 |
| SNRI user | 124 | 23.7 | 12.9 | 100.2 (11.8) | 76.9 (11.1) | 108.3 (1.5) | <0.001 | 0.746 |
| SSRI user | 297 | 21.1 | 11.8 | 95.6 (11.1) | 71.0 (9.0) | 127.3 (0.9) | <0.001 | 0.410 |
| 2226 | ||||||||
Abbreviations: AD, antidepressant; BAI, Beck anxiety inventory; IDS, inventory of depressive symptoms; PEP, pre-ejection period; SNRI, serotonergic and noradrenergic working antidepressant; SSRI, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant.
a
Analyses were adjusted for age, sex and education, BMI, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, use of β-blocking agents, use of other heart medication, chronic disease, and CVD.
b
Control is the reference group. All p-values and effect sizes are for comparison of the group in that specific line and control subjects.