Table 2.
Characteristics and ECT use rates of white and black inpatients stays for recurrent major depression in US community hospitals that offer ECT, by significant predictors of ECT
| % of patients with characteristic, by race |
Rate of ECT use in %, by race |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | white1 | black2 | white1 | black2 |
| All inpatient visits | 87.7 | 12.3 | 11.8 | 3.9 |
| Patient Characteristics | ||||
| Age, in years† | ||||
| 18-34 | 23.8 | 30.7 | 4.6 | 1.8 |
| 35-44 | 25.2 | 35.3 | 8.1 | 2.5 |
| 45-54 | 19.7 | 20.8 | 10.2 | 4.5 |
| 55-64 | 9.5 | 6.2 | 14.0 | 6.6 |
| 65-74 | 9.6 | 3.9 | 23.4 | 12.4 |
| 75 and older | 12.2 | 3.0 | 25.6 | 20.2 |
| Sex† | ||||
| Male | 34.0 | 39.2 | 10.8 | 2.7 |
| Female | 66.0 | 60.8 | 12.4 | 4.6 |
| Depression episode severity | ||||
| Moderate, mild, or in remission | 7.1 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 2.4 |
| Unspecified | 31.2 | 31.2 | 9.8 | 2.9 |
| Severe without psychotic features | 42.5 | 30.9 | 12.5 | 3.8 |
| Severe with psychotic features | 19.2 | 32.4 | 16.1 | 5.0 |
| Suicide attempt | ||||
| No | 94.9 | 96.3 | 12.2 | 3.9 |
| Yes | 5.1 | 3.7 | 5.1 | 2.0 |
| Psychiatric comorbidity | ||||
| No | 20.4 | 18.4 | 16.5 | 5.1 |
| Yes | 79.6 | 81.6 | 10.6 | 3.6 |
| Potential medical contraindication to ECT | ||||
| No | 22.8 | 18.7 | 11.0 | 3.7 |
| Yes | 77.3 | 81.3 | 14.6 | 4.8 |
| Admission source | ||||
| Emergency department | 38.2 | 51.1 | 6.7 | 2.4 |
| Other hospital or facility | 9.9 | 8.6 | 10.5 | 4.1 |
| Routine | 51.8 | 40.3 | 15.9 | 5.7 |
| Primary Payer | ||||
| Self pay or other | 9.1 | 11.4 | 4.7 | 1.5 |
| Medicaid | 15.2 | 38.6 | 5.5 | 2.1 |
| Medicare | 36.0 | 25.7 | 18.3 | 7.3 |
| Private | 39.6 | 24.3 | 10.0 | 4.2 |
| Hospital Characteristics | ||||
| Region† | ||||
| West | 8.8 | 5.8 | 9.7 | 4.1 |
| Northeast | 24.1 | 20.6 | 13.2 | 3.1 |
| South | 30.9 | 40.1 | 10.3 | 3.7 |
| Midwest | 36.2 | 33.5 | 12.7 | 4.5 |
| Urbanicity† | ||||
| Rural | 6.1 | 2.5 | 12.4 | 5.6 |
| Urban | 93.9 | 97.5 | 11.8 | 3.8 |
1
Unweighted sample of n=225,526 discharges.
2
Unweighted sample of n=26,820 discharges.
†
Variable signficantly interacted with race to predict ECT access; see Table 4 for white versus black odds ratios of interaction contrasts from the model. Results based on HCUP-NIS weighted sampling of a total of 252,346 discharges of inpatients aged ≥18 with a principal ICD-9-CM diagnosis 296.3x, representing an estimated 1,803,488 discharges. Hospitals offering ECT defined as those which performed ECT at least once during the calendar year. See text for variable definitions.