Table 1.
Studies comparing the efficacy of MVL bupivacaine versus placebo or bupivacaine HCl
| Author | Type of study | Comparison | Surgery | Primary outcome | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gorfine et al27 | RCT | 300 mg DepoFoam bupivacaine compared with placebo | Hemorrhoidectomy | AUC0–72 of NRS pain intensity scores | Least square mean (SE) AUC0–72 141.8 (10.7) in the DepoFoam bupivacaine (n = 94) group compared to 202.5 (10.7) in placebo (n = 93). P < 0.0001. |
| Golf et al28 | RCT | 120 mg DepoFoam bupivacaine compared with placebo | Bunionectomy | AUC0–24 of NRS pain intensity scores | Least square mean (SE) AUC0–24 123.936 (4.4854) in DepoFoam bupivacaine group (n = 93) compared to 146.233 (4.5869) in placebo (n = 92). P < 0.0005. 95% CI of difference between DepoFoam bupivacaine vs placebo −34.799 to −9.794. |
| Smoot et al29 | RCT | 600 mg DepoFoam bupivacaine compared with 200 mg bupivacaine HCl with epinephrine 1:200,000 | Submuscular augmentation mammoplasty | AUC0–72 of NRS-A pain intensity scores | Mean (SE) AUC0–72 441.5 (23.6) in DepoFoam bupivacaine group (n = 66) and 468.2 (23.0) in bupivacaine HCl group (n = 70). P = 0.3999. |
| Bramlett et al30 | RCT | Bupivacaine HCl 150 mg (0.5%) with epinephrine 1:200,000 compared with four doses of DepoFoam bupivacaine (133, 266, 399, and 532 mg) | Total knee arthroplasty | AUC0–96 of NRS-A pain intensity scores | Mean (SD) 20.7 (5.4), 19.5 (5.3), 18.8 (5.3), and 19.1 (4.4) in DepoFoam bupivacaine 133 mg, 266 mg, 399 mg, and 532 mg groups (n = 25, 24, 26, and 21, respectively) and 20.4 (3.9) in the bupivacaine HCl group (n = 30). P value >0.05 in each DepoFoam bupivacaine group compared to bupivacaine HCl group. |
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; MVL, multivesicular liposomes; NRS, numerical rating score; NOS, not otherwise specified; NRS-A, numerical rating score with activity; RCT, randomized clinical trial; SD, standard deviation; SE, standared error.