Figure 1. Putative plant PI3K/TOR-S6K pathway. Pathway activation by plant IGFs or insulin turns on a signaling cascade of reactions through the phosphorylation of kinases, mainly TOR and S6K, ultimately targeting ribosome synthesis. Arrowheads denote activation and truncated lines inhibition, interrogation marks denote no confirmed function (Modified from Sotelo et al.).¹⁸