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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Kidney Int. 2012 Jun 13;82(8):878–891. doi: 10.1038/ki.2012.224

Figure 5. A1AR activation increases sphingosine kinase (SK)-1 expression and activity in human proximal tubule (HK-2) cells.

Figure 5

Figure 5

Figure 5

A and B. Representative bands and densitometric quantification of sphingosine kinase (SK) mRNA (A, RT-PCR) and protein (B, immunoblotting) expression in HK-2 cells treated with vehicle (0.00003% DMSO) or with selective adenosine receptor (AR) agonists (N=4 for each group). HK-2 cells were treated with 1 μM of selective AR agonist (CCPA for A1AR, CGS21680 for A2aAR, BAY60-6583 for A2bAR or IB-MECA for A3AR) for 5 hr (mRNA analysis) or 16 hr (protein analysis). Note that only the A1AR agonist (CCPA) selective increased SK1 mRNA and protein expression in HK-2 cells without changing SK2 expression. Data are presented as means ± SEM. *P<0.05 vs. vehicle treatment. C. SK activity in HK-2 cells treated with vehicle (0.00003% DMSO) or with CCPA (1 μM) for 16 hr (N=4 for each group). Data are presented as means ± SEM. *P<0.05 vs. vehicle treatment.