Table 1.
Nicotine and nitrosamine content of tobacco products
| Biomarker mean | Cigarette (N = 24) | Commercial smokeless tobacco (N = 22) | Iqmik nonpremasticated (N = 19) | Iqmik premasticated (N = 4) | Pd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotine, mg/g | 18.68c (17.80–19.56) | 12.54b (11.79–13.30) | 12.98b (11.71–14.26) | 12.61 (4.48–20.75) | <0.001 |
| NAB, ng/g | 79.7b (69.6–89.9) | 181.2a (139.8–222.5) | 62.5b (48.0–77.0) | 104.0e (0–257.8) | <0.001 |
| NAT, ng/g | 1421.6b (1,206.2–1,637.0) | 2,453.5a (1,616.6–3,290.5) | 938.3c (733.5–1,143.2) | 1,580.8e (0–4,025.9) | <0.001 |
| NNK, ng/g | 536.9b (467.7–606.2) | 829.0a (679.6–978.4) | 81.8c (56.5–107.0) | 565.3e (0–2,108.3) | <0.001 |
| NNN, ng/g | 2,028.1b (1707.1–2,349.1) | 2,874.3a (2,207.6–3,541.0) | 846.8c (628.7–1,065.0) | 1,065.8e (0–2,466.4) | <0.001 |
| NNAL, ng/g | 52.4b (45.5–59.3) | 166.5a (113.3–219.6) | 24.7c (10.9–38.4) | 59.9e (0–155.9) | <0.001 |
NOTE: Values in parenthesis indicate 95% CI.
a,b,c
Values with the same letter are not significantly different; different letters indicate significant differences compared with other products, P < 0.01; comparisons only among commercial cigarettes, commercial ST, and Iqmik nonmasticated.
d
The P value was derived from the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test. “Iqmik premasticated” was excluded from the comparisons between groups due to a very small sample size.
e
The lower limit of the CI was truncated at zero.