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. 2012 Aug 1;63(15):5437–5450. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ers193

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© The Author [2012].

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 1. — Scheme of the apple polyphenolic pathway, showing structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thalianaseed and Malus × domestica fruit, annotated in bold with the TAIR locus and GenBank accession numbers, and their predicted linkage group in the apple reference genome, with approximate position (to the nearest 100kb). PAL, phenylalanine ammonia lyase;C4H, cinnamate-4-hydroxymate; 4CL, 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase; CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, F3'H, flavanone 3'-hydroxylase; DFR, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; ANS, anthocyanidin synthase; UFGT, UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyl transferase; FLS, flavonol synthase; LAR1/2, leucoanthocyandin reductase; ANR, anthocyanidin reductase; GT1/2, glycosyltransferases; HQT/HCT, quinate hydroxycinnamoyl/hydrxycinnamoyl CoA shikimate; C3H, p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase.