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. 2012 Jun 20;12:113. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-113

Table 4.

Maximum median concentrations [ppbv] with respective time of bacteria growth [h] as well as appearance in exhaled breath of healthy volunteers for selected metabolites which fulfill the criteria for biomarker ofStaphylococcus aureusandPseudomonas aeruginosa(based onin vitroexperiments)

Compound Staphylococcus aureus
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 occurrence [%] in healthy NON-smokers
 occurrence [%] in healthy smokers
max. conc. [ppbv] growth time for max. conc. growth time for 1st significant increase max. conc. [ppbv] growth time for max. conc. growth time for 1st significant increase    
2-nonanone
 n. s.
 -
  
 22.4
 28 h
 1 h 30 min
 0
 0
1-nonene
 n. s.
 -
  
 3.4
 26 h
 3 h 45 min
 0
 0
1-decene
 n. s.
 -
  
 1.2
 26 h
 5 h 20 min
 0
 0
1,10-undecadiene
 n. s.
 -
  
 6.8
 24 h
 4 h 30 min
 0
 0
1-dodecene
 n. s.
 -
  
 9.5
 24 h
 6 h
 0
 5,6
1-undecene
 n. s.
 -
  
 317.5
 24 h
 1 h 30 min
 0
 5,6
1-vinylaziridine
 n. s.
 -
  
 2.8E + 07
 2 h 15 min
 1 h 30 min
 0
 0
3-methylpyrrole
 n. s.
 -
  
 24.74
 24 h
 5 h 20 min
 3,6
 0
acetol
 331.0
 6 h
 4 h 30 min
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
acetoin
 279.3
 6 h
 1 h 30 min
 n. s.
 -
 -
 3,6
 0
(E)-2-butene
 13.73
 6 h
 3 h
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 11,1
(Z)-2-butene
 4.789
 6 h
 4 h 30 min
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 5,6
1-butanol
 59.40
 6 h
 4 h 30 min
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
ethyl formate
 3.188
 6 h
 6 h
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
isopentyl acetate
 1.938
 6 h
 6 h
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
ethyl isovalerate
 0.852
 6 h
 6 h
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
2-ethylacrolein
 6.453
 3 h
 3 h
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
(Z)-2-methyl-2-butenal
 268.5
 4 h 30 min
 3 h
 n. s.
 -
 -
 0
 0
isovaleric acid 97.35 6 h 4 h 30 min n. s. - - 0 5,6

1-Vinylaziridine is exclusively given as peak area due to lack of commercially available standards. Populations of healthy subjects: nsmokers = 23, nnon-smokers = 32.