Table 2.

Means values of the explanatory variables for infant mortality: Kenya, 1988–95 and 1996–2003 periods

Characteristic	Time period	Time period	Significance of differences in means (t-statistic)
	1988–95 (n = 3115)	1996–03 (n = 2150)
Maternal factors
Maternal age at child birth (D)	1.672	1.688	−0.951
Baby size at birth (D)	0.818	0.816	0.175
Duration of breastfeeding (D)	0.810	0.908	−7.525**
Preceding birth interval (D)	0.699	0.736	−1.93
Maternal health-seeking factors
Place of delivery (D)	0.624	0.593	1.43
Tetanus Toxoid (D)	0.883	0.867	1.297
Socio-economic factors
Paternal education (years)	5.471	5.789	−1.141
Source of water (D)	0.268	0.299	−1.746
Type of Toilet Facility (D)	0.795	0.812	−1.145
Maternal education (Years)	5.149	5.490	−4.068**
Ethnicity (D)	0.867	0.882	−1.248
Household Wealth Index (D)	0.558	0.580	−1.92
Community level factors
HIV regional status (D)	1.364	1.429	3.388**
Malaria endemic region (D)	0.345	0.421	−4.344**

Notes: D denotes dichotomous variable. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.

Source: Primary analysis of the merged KDHS dataset 1988/89 and 1997/98.